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Circular Motion question

2019 · 11 Jan · Shift 1 · Q44
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Circular Motion question

2019 · 11 Jan · Shift 1 · Q44

JEE MainPhysicsCircular MotionMCQ+4 / −1
A body is projected at t = 0 with a velocity 10 ms–1 at an angle of 60o with the horizontal. The radius of curvature of its trajectory at t = 1s is R. neglecting air resistance and taking acceleration due to gravity g = 10 ms–2, the value of R is :
  1. A
    2.8 m
  2. B
    5.1 m
  3. C
    2.5 m
  4. D
    10.3 m
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Initial velocity components

Given: u=10 m s−1,θ=60∘,g=10 m s−2u = 10\ \text{m s}^{-1}, \quad \theta = 60^\circ, \quad g = 10\ \text{m s}^{-2}u=10 m s−1,θ=60∘,g=10 m s−2

Resolve the initial velocity: ux=ucos⁡60∘=10⋅12=5 m s−1u_x = u\cos 60^\circ = 10\cdot \frac{1}{2} = 5\ \text{m s}^{-1}ux​=ucos60∘=10⋅21​=5 m s−1 uy=usin⁡60∘=10⋅32=53 m s−1u_y = u\sin 60^\circ = 10\cdot \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = 5\sqrt{3}\ \text{m s}^{-1}uy​=usin60∘=10⋅23​​=53​ m s−1

  1. Velocity at t=1 t=1\,t=1s

Horizontal velocity remains constant: vx=5 m s−1v_x = 5\ \text{m s}^{-1}vx​=5 m s−1

Vertical velocity after 1 s: vy=uy−gt=53−10v_y = u_y - gt = 5\sqrt{3} - 10vy​=uy​−gt=53​−10

So speed at t=1t=1t=1 s is v=vx2+vy2v = \sqrt{v_x^2 + v_y^2}v=vx2​+vy2​​ v2=52+(53−10)2v^2 = 5^2 + (5\sqrt{3}-10)^2v2=52+(53​−10)2 =25+25⋅3+100−1003= 25 + 25\cdot 3 + 100 - 100\sqrt{3}=25+25⋅3+100−1003​ =200−1003= 200 - 100\sqrt{3}=200−1003​

Using 3≈1.732\sqrt{3} \approx 1.7323​≈1.732, v2≈200−173.2=26.8v^2 \approx 200 - 173.2 = 26.8v2≈200−173.2=26.8 v≈5.18 m s−1v \approx 5.18\ \text{m s}^{-1}v≈5.18 m s−1

  1. Radius of curvature formula

For planar motion, R=v3∣v⃗×a⃗∣R = \frac{v^3}{|\vec v \times \vec a|}R=∣v×a∣v3​

Here acceleration is a⃗=(0,−10)\vec a = (0,-10)a=(0,−10)

Velocity is v⃗=(5, 53−10)\vec v = (5,\ 5\sqrt{3}-10)v=(5, 53​−10)

Magnitude of cross product: ∣v⃗×a⃗∣=∣5(−10)−(53−10)(0)∣=50|\vec v \times \vec a| = |5(-10) - (5\sqrt{3}-10)(0)| = 50∣v×a∣=∣5(−10)−(53​−10)(0)∣=50

Hence, R=v350R = \frac{v^3}{50}R=50v3​

Now, v3=v⋅v2≈5.18×26.8≈138.8v^3 = v\cdot v^2 \approx 5.18\times 26.8 \approx 138.8v3=v⋅v2≈5.18×26.8≈138.8

Therefore, R≈138.850≈2.78 mR \approx \frac{138.8}{50} \approx 2.78\ \text{m}R≈50138.8​≈2.78 m

  1. Final answer

R≈2.8 mR \approx 2.8\ \text{m}R≈2.8 m

So the correct option is A.

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