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Capacitor question

2025 · 7 Apr · Shift 2 · Q74
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  5. /2025 · 7 Apr · Shift 2 · Q74

Capacitor question

2025 · 7 Apr · Shift 2 · Q74

JEE MainPhysicsCapacitorNumerical+4 / −1
A parallel plate capacitor has charge 5×10−6C5 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{C}5×10−6C. A dielectric slab is inserted between the plates and almost fills the space between the plates. If the induced charge on one face of the slab is 4×10−6C4 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{C}4×10−6C then the dielectric constant of the slab is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 5

  1. Given data
  • Charge on capacitor plates:
    Q=5×10−6 CQ = 5 \times 10^{-6}\,\text{C}Q=5×10−6C
  • Induced charge on one face of dielectric slab:
    q′=4×10−6 Cq' = 4 \times 10^{-6}\,\text{C}q′=4×10−6C

We need to find the dielectric constant KKK.


  1. Relation between free charge and induced charge

When a dielectric slab completely (or almost completely) fills the space between the plates of a charged capacitor, the induced surface charge on the dielectric is related to the free charge on the plates by

q′=Q(1−1K)q' = Q\left(1 - \frac{1}{K}\right)q′=Q(1−K1​)

This comes from polarization of the dielectric.


  1. Substitute the values

4×10−6=5×10−6(1−1K)4 \times 10^{-6} = 5 \times 10^{-6}\left(1 - \frac{1}{K}\right)4×10−6=5×10−6(1−K1​)

Cancel 10−610^{-6}10−6 from both sides:

4=5(1−1K)4 = 5\left(1 - \frac{1}{K}\right)4=5(1−K1​)

45=1−1K\frac{4}{5} = 1 - \frac{1}{K}54​=1−K1​

1K=1−45=15\frac{1}{K} = 1 - \frac{4}{5} = \frac{1}{5}K1​=1−54​=51​

Hence,

K=5K = 5K=5


  1. Final answer

The dielectric constant of the slab is

5\boxed{5}5​

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