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Capacitor question

2022 · 28 Jun · Shift 2 · Q73
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Capacitor question

2022 · 28 Jun · Shift 2 · Q73

JEE MainPhysicsCapacitorNumerical+4 / −1
A capacitor C1 of capacitance 5 μ\muμ F is charged to a potential of 30 V using a battery. The battery is then removed and the charged capacitor is connected to an uncharged capacitor C2 of capacitance 10 μ\muμ F as shown in figure. When the switch is closed charge flows between the capacitors. At equilibrium, the charge on the capacitor C2 is ‾μ\underline{\hspace{2cm}}\mu​μ C. JEE Main 2022 (Online) 28th June Evening Shift Physics - Capacitor Question 72 English
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 100

  1. Initial charge on C1C_1C1​

Since capacitor C1=5 μFC_1 = 5\,\mu FC1​=5μF is charged to 30 V30\,V30V,

Q1i=C1V=5 μF×30 V=150 μCQ_{1i} = C_1 V = 5\,\mu F \times 30\,V = 150\,\mu CQ1i​=C1​V=5μF×30V=150μC

Initially, capacitor C2=10 μFC_2 = 10\,\mu FC2​=10μF is uncharged, so

Q2i=0Q_{2i} = 0Q2i​=0

Thus, total initial charge in the isolated system is

Qtotal=150 μCQ_{\text{total}} = 150\,\mu CQtotal​=150μC

  1. After connecting the capacitors

The battery is removed, so the system is isolated and total charge is conserved.

When connected, both capacitors come to the same final potential VfV_fVf​.

So,

Q1f=C1Vf,Q2f=C2VfQ_{1f} = C_1 V_f, \qquad Q_{2f} = C_2 V_fQ1f​=C1​Vf​,Q2f​=C2​Vf​

and

Q1f+Q2f=QtotalQ_{1f} + Q_{2f} = Q_{\text{total}}Q1f​+Q2f​=Qtotal​

Substitute values:

5Vf+10Vf=1505V_f + 10V_f = 1505Vf​+10Vf​=150

15Vf=15015V_f = 15015Vf​=150

Vf=10 VV_f = 10\,VVf​=10V

  1. Charge on C2C_2C2​ at equilibrium

Q2f=C2Vf=10 μF×10 V=100 μCQ_{2f} = C_2 V_f = 10\,\mu F \times 10\,V = 100\,\mu CQ2f​=C2​Vf​=10μF×10V=100μC

  1. Final answer

The charge on capacitor C2C_2C2​ is

100 μC\boxed{100\,\mu C}100μC​

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