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Capacitor question

2018 · 15 Apr · Shift 2 · Q52
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  5. /2018 · 15 Apr · Shift 2 · Q52

Capacitor question

2018 · 15 Apr · Shift 2 · Q52

JEE MainPhysicsCapacitorMCQ+4 / −1
A capacitor C1 = 1.0 μ\muμ F is charged up to a voltage V = 60 V by connecting it to battery B through switch (1). Now C1 is disconnected from battery and connected to a circuit consisting of two uncharged capacitors C2=3.0μF{C_2} = 3.0\mu FC2​=3.0μF and C3 = 6.0 μ\muμ F through switch (2), as shown in the figure. The sum of final charges on C2 and C3 is : JEE Main 2018 (Online) 15th April Evening Slot Physics - Capacitor Question 137 English
  1. A
    40 μ\muμ C
  2. B
    36 μ\muμ C
  3. C
    20 μ\muμ C
  4. D
    54 μ\muμ C
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D: 54 \MU C

  1. Initial charge on C1C_1C1​

When C1=1 μFC_1 = 1\,\mu FC1​=1μF is connected to the battery of voltage 60 V60\,V60V, it gets charged to

Q0=C1V=(1 μF)(60 V)=60 μCQ_0 = C_1 V = (1\,\mu F)(60\,V) = 60\,\mu CQ0​=C1​V=(1μF)(60V)=60μC

So initially, capacitor C1C_1C1​ has charge 60 μC60\,\mu C60μC.


  1. Connection after switching

After disconnecting from the battery, C1C_1C1​ is connected to the combination of uncharged capacitors C2=3 μFC_2 = 3\,\mu FC2​=3μF and C3=6 μFC_3 = 6\,\mu FC3​=6μF.

From the figure/context, the three capacitors are connected in parallel after switch (2), so they attain a common final voltage VfV_fVf​.

Since the battery is removed, total charge is conserved.

Thus,

Qtotal=60 μCQ_{\text{total}} = 60\,\mu CQtotal​=60μC

Total capacitance in parallel:

Ceq=C1+C2+C3=1+3+6=10 μFC_{\text{eq}} = C_1 + C_2 + C_3 = 1 + 3 + 6 = 10\,\mu FCeq​=C1​+C2​+C3​=1+3+6=10μF

Hence the common final voltage is

Vf=QtotalCeq=60 μC10 μF=6 VV_f = \frac{Q_{\text{total}}}{C_{\text{eq}}} = \frac{60\,\mu C}{10\,\mu F} = 6\,VVf​=Ceq​Qtotal​​=10μF60μC​=6V


  1. Final charges on C2C_2C2​ and C3C_3C3​

For C2C_2C2​:

Q2=C2Vf=(3 μF)(6 V)=18 μCQ_2 = C_2 V_f = (3\,\mu F)(6\,V) = 18\,\mu CQ2​=C2​Vf​=(3μF)(6V)=18μC

For C3C_3C3​:

Q3=C3Vf=(6 μF)(6 V)=36 μCQ_3 = C_3 V_f = (6\,\mu F)(6\,V) = 36\,\mu CQ3​=C3​Vf​=(6μF)(6V)=36μC

Sum of final charges on C2C_2C2​ and C3C_3C3​:

Q2+Q3=18+36=54 μCQ_2 + Q_3 = 18 + 36 = 54\,\mu CQ2​+Q3​=18+36=54μC


  1. Check options
  • A: 40 μC40\,\mu C40μC ❌
  • B: 36 μC36\,\mu C36μC ❌
  • C: 20 μC20\,\mu C20μC ❌
  • D: 54 μC54\,\mu C54μC ✅

Therefore, the correct answer is:

54 μC\boxed{54\,\mu C}54μC​

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