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Atoms and Nuclei question

2024 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q61
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Atoms and Nuclei question

2024 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q61

JEE MainPhysicsAtoms and NucleiMCQ+4 / −1
From the statements given below : (A) The angular momentum of an electron in nth n^{\text {th }}nth  orbit is an integral multiple of ℏ\hbarℏ. (B) Nuclear forces do not obey inverse square law. (C) Nuclear forces are spin dependent. (D) Nuclear forces are central and charge independent. (E) Stability of nucleus is inversely proportional to the value of packing fraction. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
  1. A
    (B), (C), (D), (E) only
  2. B
    (A), (C), (D), (E) only
  3. C
    (A), (B), (C), (E) only
  4. D
    (A), (B), (C), (D) only
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Examine each statement one by one

(A) The angular momentum of an electron in nthn^{\text{th}}nth orbit is an integral multiple of ℏ\hbarℏ.

From Bohr's quantization condition,

L=mvr=nh2π=nℏL = mvr = n\frac{h}{2\pi} = n\hbarL=mvr=n2πh​=nℏ

where n=1,2,3,…n=1,2,3,\dotsn=1,2,3,…

So the angular momentum is indeed an integral multiple of ℏ\hbarℏ.

✅ (A) is correct


(B) Nuclear forces do not obey inverse square law.

Nuclear forces are short-range forces and do not vary as 1r2\dfrac{1}{r^2}r21​ like gravitational or electrostatic forces.

✅ (B) is correct


(C) Nuclear forces are spin dependent.

Yes, nuclear force between nucleons depends on the relative spin orientation of the nucleons.

✅ (C) is correct


(D) Nuclear forces are central and charge independent.

  • Charge independence is a standard property of nuclear force: proton-proton, neutron-neutron, and proton-neutron forces are approximately the same after excluding Coulomb effects.
  • But saying nuclear forces are purely central is not strictly correct, because nuclear forces also have non-central components (such as tensor force).

Hence the combined statement "central and charge independent" is taken as false because the central nature is not fully valid.

❌ (D) is incorrect


(E) Stability of nucleus is inversely proportional to the value of packing fraction.

Packing fraction is related to the mass defect per nucleon. A smaller (more negative / lower) packing fraction generally indicates greater stability. Thus, stability is taken to vary inversely with packing fraction.

✅ (E) is correct


  1. Collect the correct statements

Correct statements are:

(A),(B),(C),(E)(A), (B), (C), (E)(A),(B),(C),(E)
  1. Match with the given options
  • Option A: (B),(C),(D),(E)(B),(C),(D),(E)(B),(C),(D),(E) only ❌
  • Option B: (A),(C),(D),(E)(A),(C),(D),(E)(A),(C),(D),(E) only ❌
  • Option C: (A),(B),(C),(E)(A),(B),(C),(E)(A),(B),(C),(E) only ✅
  • Option D: (A),(B),(C),(D)(A),(B),(C),(D)(A),(B),(C),(D) only ❌

Final Answer

Option C\boxed{\text{Option C}}Option C​
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