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Atoms and Nuclei question

2013 · Shift 0 · Q51
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Atoms and Nuclei question

2013 · Shift 0 · Q51

JEE MainPhysicsAtoms and NucleiMCQ+4 / −1
In a hydrogen like atom electron make transition from an energy level with quantum number nnn to another with quantum number (n−1)\left( {n - 1} \right)(n−1). If n>>1,n \gt \gt 1,n>>1, the frequency of radiation emitted is proportional to :
  1. A
    1n{1 \over n}n1​
  2. B
    1n2{1 \over {{n^2}}}n21​
  3. C
    1n32{1 \over {{n^{{3 \over 2}}}}}n23​1​
  4. D
    1n3{1 \over {{n^3}}}n31​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Energy levels of a hydrogen-like atom

    The ऊर्जा of the nnnth orbit is En=−Kn2E_n = -\frac{K}{n^2}En​=−n2K​ where KKK is a constant for a given hydrogen-like atom.

  2. Transition from nnn to (n−1)(n-1)(n−1)

    The emitted photon has energy hν=En−1−Enh\nu = E_{n-1} - E_nhν=En−1​−En​ Since energies are negative, hν=−K(n−1)2−(−Kn2)h\nu = -\frac{K}{(n-1)^2} - \left(-\frac{K}{n^2}\right)hν=−(n−1)2K​−(−n2K​) hν=K(1(n−1)2−1n2)h\nu = K\left(\frac{1}{(n-1)^2} - \frac{1}{n^2}\right)hν=K((n−1)21​−n21​)

  3. Simplify the expression

    = \frac{n^2-(n-1)^2}{n^2(n-1)^2}$$ Now, $$n^2-(n-1)^2 = n^2-(n^2-2n+1)=2n-1$$ Hence, $$h\nu = K\frac{2n-1}{n^2(n-1)^2}$$
  4. Use the condition n≫1n \gg 1n≫1

    For very large nnn, 2n−1≈2n,(n−1)2≈n22n-1 \approx 2n, \qquad (n-1)^2 \approx n^22n−1≈2n,(n−1)2≈n2

    Therefore, hν∝2nn2⋅n2=2n3h\nu \propto \frac{2n}{n^2\cdot n^2} = \frac{2}{n^3}hν∝n2⋅n22n​=n32​

    So, ν∝1n3\nu \propto \frac{1}{n^3}ν∝n31​

  5. Check options

    • A: 1n\frac{1}{n}n1​ ❌
    • B: 1n2\frac{1}{n^2}n21​ ❌
    • C: 1n3/2\frac{1}{n^{3/2}}n3/21​ ❌
    • D: 1n3\frac{1}{n^3}n31​ ✅

Therefore, the correct option is D.

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