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Vector Algebra question

2023 · 13 Apr · Shift 1 · Q43
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Vector Algebra question

2023 · 13 Apr · Shift 1 · Q43

JEE MainMathematicsVector AlgebraNumerical+4 / −1
Let a⃗=3i^+j^−k^\vec{a}=3 \hat{i}+\hat{j}-\hat{k}a=3i^+j^​−k^ and c⃗=2i^−3j^+3k^\vec{c}=2 \hat{i}-3 \hat{j}+3 \hat{k}c=2i^−3j^​+3k^. If b⃗\vec{b}b is a vector such that a⃗=b⃗×c⃗\vec{a}=\vec{b} \times \vec{c}a=b×c and ∣b⃗∣2=50|\vec{b}|^{2}=50∣b∣2=50, then ∣72−∣b⃗+c⃗∣2∣|72-| \vec{b}+\left.\vec{c}\right|^{2} \mid∣72−∣b+c∣2∣ is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 66

  1. Given vectors

a⃗=(3,1,−1),c⃗=(2,−3,3)\vec a=(3,1,-1),\qquad \vec c=(2,-3,3)a=(3,1,−1),c=(2,−3,3)

and

a⃗=b⃗×c⃗,∣b⃗∣2=50.\vec a=\vec b\times \vec c, \qquad |\vec b|^2=50.a=b×c,∣b∣2=50.

We need to find

∣72−∣b⃗+c⃗∣2∣.\left|72-\left|\vec b+\vec c\right|^2\right|.​72−​b+c​2​.


  1. Use the property of cross product

Since

a⃗=b⃗×c⃗,\vec a=\vec b\times \vec c,a=b×c,

we know that a⃗\vec aa is perpendicular to both b⃗\vec bb and c⃗\vec cc.

So,

a⃗⋅b⃗=0,a⃗⋅c⃗=0.\vec a\cdot \vec b=0, \qquad \vec a\cdot \vec c=0.a⋅b=0,a⋅c=0.

Let us verify a⃗⋅c⃗\vec a\cdot \vec ca⋅c:

a⃗⋅c⃗=(3)(2)+(1)(−3)+(−1)(3)=6−3−3=0.\vec a\cdot \vec c=(3)(2)+(1)(-3)+(-1)(3)=6-3-3=0.a⋅c=(3)(2)+(1)(−3)+(−1)(3)=6−3−3=0.

So the condition is consistent.


  1. Use the identity for magnitude of cross product

∣a⃗∣2=∣b⃗×c⃗∣2=∣b⃗∣2∣c⃗∣2−(b⃗⋅c⃗)2.|\vec a|^2=|\vec b\times \vec c|^2=|\vec b|^2|\vec c|^2-(\vec b\cdot \vec c)^2.∣a∣2=∣b×c∣2=∣b∣2∣c∣2−(b⋅c)2.

First compute ∣a⃗∣2|\vec a|^2∣a∣2 and ∣c⃗∣2|\vec c|^2∣c∣2:

∣a⃗∣2=32+12+(−1)2=9+1+1=11,|\vec a|^2=3^2+1^2+(-1)^2=9+1+1=11,∣a∣2=32+12+(−1)2=9+1+1=11,

∣c⃗∣2=22+(−3)2+32=4+9+9=22.|\vec c|^2=2^2+(-3)^2+3^2=4+9+9=22.∣c∣2=22+(−3)2+32=4+9+9=22.

Also given:

∣b⃗∣2=50.|\vec b|^2=50.∣b∣2=50.

Hence,

11=50⋅22−(b⃗⋅c⃗)2.11=50\cdot 22-(\vec b\cdot \vec c)^2.11=50⋅22−(b⋅c)2.

11=1100−(b⃗⋅c⃗)211=1100-(\vec b\cdot \vec c)^211=1100−(b⋅c)2

(b⃗⋅c⃗)2=1089=332.(\vec b\cdot \vec c)^2=1089=33^2.(b⋅c)2=1089=332.

Therefore,

b⃗⋅c⃗=±33.\vec b\cdot \vec c=\pm 33.b⋅c=±33.


  1. Find ∣b⃗+c⃗∣2|\vec b+\vec c|^2∣b+c∣2

Using

∣b⃗+c⃗∣2=∣b⃗∣2+∣c⃗∣2+2b⃗⋅c⃗,|\vec b+\vec c|^2=|\vec b|^2+|\vec c|^2+2\vec b\cdot \vec c,∣b+c∣2=∣b∣2+∣c∣2+2b⋅c,

we get

∣b⃗+c⃗∣2=50+22+2(±33)=72±66.|\vec b+\vec c|^2=50+22+2(\pm 33)=72\pm 66.∣b+c∣2=50+22+2(±33)=72±66.

So the two possible values are

∣b⃗+c⃗∣2=138or6.|\vec b+\vec c|^2=138 \quad \text{or} \quad 6.∣b+c∣2=138or6.


  1. Evaluate the required expression

∣72−∣b⃗+c⃗∣2∣\left|72-|\vec b+\vec c|^2\right|​72−∣b+c∣2​

If ∣b⃗+c⃗∣2=138|\vec b+\vec c|^2=138∣b+c∣2=138,

∣72−138∣=66.|72-138|=66.∣72−138∣=66.

If ∣b⃗+c⃗∣2=6|\vec b+\vec c|^2=6∣b+c∣2=6,

∣72−6∣=66.|72-6|=66.∣72−6∣=66.

In both cases, the value is the same.


  1. Final answer

66\boxed{66}66​

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