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Vector Algebra question

2004 · Shift 0 · Q92
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Vector Algebra question

2004 · Shift 0 · Q92

JEE MainMathematicsVector AlgebraMCQ+4 / −1
Let u→,v→,w→\overrightarrow u ,\overrightarrow v ,\overrightarrow wu,v,w be such that ∣u→∣=1,   ∣v→∣2,   ∣w→∣3.\left| {\overrightarrow u } \right| = 1,\,\,\,\left| {\overrightarrow v } \right|2,\,\,\,\left| {\overrightarrow w } \right|3.​u​=1,​v​2,​w​3. If the projection v→{\overrightarrow v }v along u→{\overrightarrow u }u is equal to that of w→{\overrightarrow w }w along u→{\overrightarrow u }u and v→,w→{\overrightarrow v },{\overrightarrow w }v,w are perpendicular to each other then ∣u→−v→+w→∣\left| {\overrightarrow u - \overrightarrow v + \overrightarrow w } \right|​u−v+w​ equals :
  1. A
    141414
  2. B
    7{\sqrt {7} }7​
  3. C
    14{\sqrt {14} }14​
  4. D
    222
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Interpret the given data

    We have ∣u⃗∣=1,∣v⃗∣=2,∣w⃗∣=3.|\vec u|=1,\quad |\vec v|=2,\quad |\vec w|=3.∣u∣=1,∣v∣=2,∣w∣=3.

    Also,

    • projection of v⃗\vec vv along u⃗\vec uu equals projection of w⃗\vec ww along u⃗\vec uu,
    • v⃗⊥w⃗\vec v \perp \vec wv⊥w.
  2. Use equality of projections

    Projection (scalar) of a vector a⃗\vec aa along u⃗\vec uu is a⃗⋅u⃗∣u⃗∣.\frac{\vec a\cdot \vec u}{|\vec u|}.∣u∣a⋅u​.

    Since ∣u⃗∣=1|\vec u|=1∣u∣=1, equality of projections gives v⃗⋅u⃗=w⃗⋅u⃗.\vec v\cdot \vec u=\vec w\cdot \vec u.v⋅u=w⋅u.

  3. Expand the required magnitude

    We need ∣u⃗−v⃗+w⃗∣.|\vec u-\vec v+\vec w|.∣u−v+w∣.

    First square it: ∣u⃗−v⃗+w⃗∣2=(u⃗−v⃗+w⃗)⋅(u⃗−v⃗+w⃗).|\vec u-\vec v+\vec w|^2=(\vec u-\vec v+\vec w)\cdot(\vec u-\vec v+\vec w).∣u−v+w∣2=(u−v+w)⋅(u−v+w).

    Expanding, =∣u⃗∣2+∣v⃗∣2+∣w⃗∣2−2u⃗⋅v⃗+2u⃗⋅w⃗−2v⃗⋅w⃗.=|\vec u|^2+|\vec v|^2+|\vec w|^2-2\vec u\cdot \vec v+2\vec u\cdot \vec w-2\vec v\cdot \vec w.=∣u∣2+∣v∣2+∣w∣2−2u⋅v+2u⋅w−2v⋅w.

  4. Substitute the given conditions

    Since v⃗⊥w⃗\vec v\perp \vec wv⊥w, v⃗⋅w⃗=0.\vec v\cdot \vec w=0.v⋅w=0.

    Also from step 2, u⃗⋅v⃗=u⃗⋅w⃗,\vec u\cdot \vec v=\vec u\cdot \vec w,u⋅v=u⋅w, so −2u⃗⋅v⃗+2u⃗⋅w⃗=0.-2\vec u\cdot \vec v+2\vec u\cdot \vec w=0.−2u⋅v+2u⋅w=0.

    Therefore, ∣u⃗−v⃗+w⃗∣2=∣u⃗∣2+∣v⃗∣2+∣w⃗∣2.|\vec u-\vec v+\vec w|^2=|\vec u|^2+|\vec v|^2+|\vec w|^2.∣u−v+w∣2=∣u∣2+∣v∣2+∣w∣2.

    Now substitute magnitudes: =12+22+32=1+4+9=14.=1^2+2^2+3^2=1+4+9=14.=12+22+32=1+4+9=14.

  5. Take square root

    ∣u⃗−v⃗+w⃗∣=14.|\vec u-\vec v+\vec w|=\sqrt{14}.∣u−v+w∣=14​.

  6. Check options

    The correct option is 14\boxed{\sqrt{14}}14​​ which is Option C.

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