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Trigonometric Ratio and Identites question

2014 · Shift 0 · Q43
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  5. /2014 · Shift 0 · Q43

Trigonometric Ratio and Identites question

2014 · Shift 0 · Q43

JEE MainMathematicsTrigonometric Ratio and IdentitesMCQ+4 / −1
Let fk(x)=1k(sin⁡kx+cos⁡kx)f_k\left( x \right) = {1 \over k}\left( {{{\sin }^k}x + {{\cos }^k}x} \right)fk​(x)=k1​(sinkx+coskx) where x∈Rx \in Rx∈R and k≥ 1.k \ge \,1.k≥1. Then f4(x)−f6(x)  {f_4}\left( x \right) - {f_6}\left( x \right)\,\,f4​(x)−f6​(x) equals :
  1. A
    14{1 \over 4}41​
  2. B
    112{1 \over 12}121​
  3. C
    16{1 \over 6}61​
  4. D
    13{1 \over 3}31​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. We are given fk(x)=1k(sin⁡kx+cos⁡kx).f_k(x)=\frac{1}{k}\left(\sin^k x+\cos^k x\right).fk​(x)=k1​(sinkx+coskx). We need to find f4(x)−f6(x).f_4(x)-f_6(x).f4​(x)−f6​(x).

  2. Substitute k=4k=4k=4 and k=6k=6k=6: f4(x)=14(sin⁡4x+cos⁡4x),f_4(x)=\frac{1}{4}(\sin^4 x+\cos^4 x),f4​(x)=41​(sin4x+cos4x), f6(x)=16(sin⁡6x+cos⁡6x).f_6(x)=\frac{1}{6}(\sin^6 x+\cos^6 x).f6​(x)=61​(sin6x+cos6x). So, f4(x)−f6(x)=14(sin⁡4x+cos⁡4x)−16(sin⁡6x+cos⁡6x).f_4(x)-f_6(x)=\frac{1}{4}(\sin^4 x+\cos^4 x)-\frac{1}{6}(\sin^6 x+\cos^6 x).f4​(x)−f6​(x)=41​(sin4x+cos4x)−61​(sin6x+cos6x).

  3. Let a=sin⁡2x,b=cos⁡2x.a=\sin^2 x, \qquad b=\cos^2 x.a=sin2x,b=cos2x. Then a+b=1.a+b=1.a+b=1. Also, sin⁡4x+cos⁡4x=a2+b2,\sin^4 x+\cos^4 x=a^2+b^2,sin4x+cos4x=a2+b2, sin⁡6x+cos⁡6x=a3+b3.\sin^6 x+\cos^6 x=a^3+b^3.sin6x+cos6x=a3+b3. Hence, f4(x)−f6(x)=14(a2+b2)−16(a3+b3).f_4(x)-f_6(x)=\frac{1}{4}(a^2+b^2)-\frac{1}{6}(a^3+b^3).f4​(x)−f6​(x)=41​(a2+b2)−61​(a3+b3).

  4. Use identities with a+b=1a+b=1a+b=1. First, a2+b2=(a+b)2−2ab=1−2ab.a^2+b^2=(a+b)^2-2ab=1-2ab.a2+b2=(a+b)2−2ab=1−2ab. Next, a3+b3=(a+b)3−3ab(a+b)=1−3ab.a^3+b^3=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)=1-3ab.a3+b3=(a+b)3−3ab(a+b)=1−3ab. Therefore, f4(x)−f6(x)=14(1−2ab)−16(1−3ab).f_4(x)-f_6(x)=\frac{1}{4}(1-2ab)-\frac{1}{6}(1-3ab).f4​(x)−f6​(x)=41​(1−2ab)−61​(1−3ab).

  5. Simplify: =(14−16)+(−2ab4+3ab6).=\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{6}\right)+\left(-\frac{2ab}{4}+\frac{3ab}{6}\right).=(41​−61​)+(−42ab​+63ab​). Now, 14−16=112,\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1}{12},41​−61​=121​, and −2ab4+3ab6=−ab2+ab2=0.-\frac{2ab}{4}+\frac{3ab}{6}=-\frac{ab}{2}+\frac{ab}{2}=0.−42ab​+63ab​=−2ab​+2ab​=0. So, f4(x)−f6(x)=112.f_4(x)-f_6(x)=\frac{1}{12}.f4​(x)−f6​(x)=121​.

  6. Thus the value is constant and equals 112.\boxed{\frac{1}{12}}.121​​.

  7. Checking options:

  • A: 14\frac1441​ ❌
  • B: 112\frac1{12}121​ ✅
  • C: 16\frac1661​ ❌
  • D: 13\frac1331​ ❌

Therefore, the correct option is B.

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