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Trigonometric Functions and Equations question

2024 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q42
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  5. /2024 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q42

Trigonometric Functions and Equations question

2024 · 1 Feb · Shift 2 · Q42

JEE MainMathematicsTrigonometric Functions and EquationsMCQ+4 / −1
The number of solutions of the equation 4sin⁡2x−4cos⁡3x+9−4cos⁡x=0;x∈[−2π,2π]4 \sin ^2 x-4 \cos ^3 x+9-4 \cos x=0 ; x \in[-2 \pi, 2 \pi]4sin2x−4cos3x+9−4cosx=0;x∈[−2π,2π] is :
  1. A
    0
  2. B
    3
  3. C
    1
  4. D
    2
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given equation

We need to solve 4sin⁡2x−4cos⁡3x+9−4cos⁡x=0,x∈[−2π,2π].4\sin^2 x - 4\cos^3 x + 9 - 4\cos x = 0, \qquad x\in[-2\pi,2\pi].4sin2x−4cos3x+9−4cosx=0,x∈[−2π,2π].

We are asked for the number of solutions in the interval.


  1. Use the identity sin⁡2x=1−cos⁡2x\sin^2 x = 1 - \cos^2 xsin2x=1−cos2x

Substitute into the equation: 4(1−cos⁡2x)−4cos⁡3x+9−4cos⁡x=0.4(1-\cos^2 x) - 4\cos^3 x + 9 - 4\cos x = 0.4(1−cos2x)−4cos3x+9−4cosx=0.

Expand: 4−4cos⁡2x−4cos⁡3x+9−4cos⁡x=0.4 - 4\cos^2 x - 4\cos^3 x + 9 - 4\cos x = 0.4−4cos2x−4cos3x+9−4cosx=0.

So, 13−4cos⁡x−4cos⁡2x−4cos⁡3x=0.13 - 4\cos x - 4\cos^2 x - 4\cos^3 x = 0.13−4cosx−4cos2x−4cos3x=0.

Rearrange: 4cos⁡3x+4cos⁡2x+4cos⁡x−13=0.4\cos^3 x + 4\cos^2 x + 4\cos x - 13 = 0.4cos3x+4cos2x+4cosx−13=0.

Let t=cos⁡x,t∈[−1,1].t = \cos x, \qquad t\in[-1,1].t=cosx,t∈[−1,1].

Then we get the cubic equation 4t3+4t2+4t−13=0.4t^3 + 4t^2 + 4t - 13 = 0.4t3+4t2+4t−13=0.


  1. Check whether this cubic has any root in [−1,1][-1,1][−1,1]

Define f(t)=4t3+4t2+4t−13.f(t)=4t^3+4t^2+4t-13.f(t)=4t3+4t2+4t−13.

Now evaluate at the endpoints: f(−1)=4(−1)3+4(−1)2+4(−1)−13=−4+4−4−13=−17,f(-1)=4(-1)^3+4(-1)^2+4(-1)-13=-4+4-4-13=-17,f(−1)=4(−1)3+4(−1)2+4(−1)−13=−4+4−4−13=−17, f(1)=4+4+4−13=−1.f(1)=4+4+4-13=-1.f(1)=4+4+4−13=−1.

Thus, f(−1)=−17<0,f(1)=−1<0.f(-1)=-17<0, \qquad f(1)=-1<0.f(−1)=−17<0,f(1)=−1<0.

So at both ends of the interval [−1,1][-1,1][−1,1], the value is negative.


  1. Check monotonicity on [−1,1][-1,1][−1,1]

Differentiate: f′(t)=12t2+8t+4=4(3t2+2t+1).f'(t)=12t^2+8t+4=4(3t^2+2t+1).f′(t)=12t2+8t+4=4(3t2+2t+1).

Now, 3t2+2t+13t^2+2t+13t2+2t+1 has discriminant Δ=22−4⋅3⋅1=4−12=−8<0.\Delta = 2^2 - 4\cdot 3 \cdot 1 = 4-12 = -8 < 0.Δ=22−4⋅3⋅1=4−12=−8<0.

Since the leading coefficient is positive, we have 3t2+2t+1>0for all real t.3t^2+2t+1>0 \quad \text{for all real } t.3t2+2t+1>0for all real t.

Hence, f′(t)>0for all real t.f'(t)>0 \quad \text{for all real } t.f′(t)>0for all real t.

So f(t)f(t)f(t) is strictly increasing everywhere.

Because fff is increasing and still f(1)=−1<0,f(1)=-1<0,f(1)=−1<0, we get f(t)<0for all t∈[−1,1].f(t)<0 \quad \text{for all } t\in[-1,1].f(t)<0for all t∈[−1,1].

Therefore, the equation 4t3+4t2+4t−13=04t^3+4t^2+4t-13=04t3+4t2+4t−13=0 has no solution with t=cos⁡x∈[−1,1]t=\cos x\in[-1,1]t=cosx∈[−1,1].


  1. Conclusion for xxx

Since cos⁡x\cos xcosx can only lie in [−1,1][-1,1][−1,1], and there is no admissible ttt in this interval satisfying the cubic, the original trigonometric equation has 0\boxed{0}0​ solutions in [−2π,2π][-2\pi,2\pi][−2π,2π].


  1. Option check
  • A: 000 ✅
  • B: 333 ❌
  • C: 111 ❌
  • D: 222 ❌

So the correct option is A.\boxed{\text{A}}.A​.


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: A

Our derived answer: A

They agree.

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