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Sets and Relations question

2021 · 31 Aug · Shift 1 · Q27
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  5. /2021 · 31 Aug · Shift 1 · Q27

Sets and Relations question

2021 · 31 Aug · Shift 1 · Q27

JEE MainMathematicsSets and RelationsMCQ+4 / −1
Which of the following is not correct for relation R on the set of real numbers ?
  1. A
    (x, y) ∈\in∈ R ⇔\Leftrightarrow⇔ 0 < |x|−-−|y|≤\le≤ 1 is neither transitive nor symmetric.
  2. B
    (x, y) ∈\in∈ R ⇔\Leftrightarrow⇔ 0 < |x −-− y|≤\le≤ 1 is symmetric and transitive.
  3. C
    (x, y) ∈\in∈ R ⇔\Leftrightarrow⇔|x|−-−|y|≤\le≤ 1 is reflexive but not symmetric.
  4. D
    (x, y) ∈\in∈ R ⇔\Leftrightarrow⇔|x −-− y|≤\le≤ 1 is reflexive nd symmetric.
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

We check each relation property carefully.

1. Recall definitions

For a relation RRR on R\mathbb{R}R:

  • Reflexive: (x,x)∈R(x,x)\in R(x,x)∈R for all xxx.
  • Symmetric: (x,y)∈R⇒(y,x)∈R(x,y)\in R \Rightarrow (y,x)\in R(x,y)∈R⇒(y,x)∈R.
  • Transitive: (x,y)∈R(x,y)\in R(x,y)∈R and (y,z)∈R⇒(x,z)∈R(y,z)\in R \Rightarrow (x,z)\in R(y,z)∈R⇒(x,z)∈R.

We need to find the option that is not correct.


2. Check option A

Relation:

(x,y)∈R  ⟺  0<∣x∣−∣y∣≤1(x,y)\in R \iff 0<|x|-|y|\le 1(x,y)∈R⟺0<∣x∣−∣y∣≤1

This means

∣x∣>∣y∣.|x|>|y|.∣x∣>∣y∣.

Symmetry check

If

0<∣x∣−∣y∣≤1,0<|x|-|y|\le 1,0<∣x∣−∣y∣≤1,

then

∣y∣−∣x∣<0,|y|-|x|<0,∣y∣−∣x∣<0,

so (y,x)∉R(y,x)\notin R(y,x)∈/R. Hence it is not symmetric.

Transitivity check

Take

∣x∣=2.0,∣y∣=1.2,∣z∣=0.5.|x|=2.0,\quad |y|=1.2,\quad |z|=0.5.∣x∣=2.0,∣y∣=1.2,∣z∣=0.5.

Then

∣x∣−∣y∣=0.8≤1,|x|-|y|=0.8 \le 1,∣x∣−∣y∣=0.8≤1,

so (x,y)∈R(x,y)\in R(x,y)∈R. Also,

∣y∣−∣z∣=0.7≤1,|y|-|z|=0.7 \le 1,∣y∣−∣z∣=0.7≤1,

so (y,z)∈R(y,z)\in R(y,z)∈R. But

∣x∣−∣z∣=1.5>1,|x|-|z|=1.5>1,∣x∣−∣z∣=1.5>1,

so (x,z)∉R(x,z)\notin R(x,z)∈/R. Thus it is not transitive.

So option A is correct.


3. Check option B

Relation:

(x,y)∈R  ⟺  0<∣x−y∣≤1(x,y)\in R \iff 0<|x-y|\le 1(x,y)∈R⟺0<∣x−y∣≤1

Symmetry check

Since

∣x−y∣=∣y−x∣,|x-y|=|y-x|,∣x−y∣=∣y−x∣,

if 0<∣x−y∣≤10<|x-y|\le 10<∣x−y∣≤1, then also 0<∣y−x∣≤10<|y-x|\le 10<∣y−x∣≤1. Hence the relation is symmetric.

Transitivity check

Need to test whether

0<∣x−y∣≤1,0<∣y−z∣≤10<|x-y|\le 1,\quad 0<|y-z|\le 10<∣x−y∣≤1,0<∣y−z∣≤1

implies

0<∣x−z∣≤1.0<|x-z|\le 1.0<∣x−z∣≤1.

This is false in general.

Take

x=0,y=1,z=2.x=0,\quad y=1,\quad z=2.x=0,y=1,z=2.

Then

∣x−y∣=∣0−1∣=1,|x-y|=|0-1|=1,∣x−y∣=∣0−1∣=1,

so (x,y)∈R(x,y)\in R(x,y)∈R, and

∣y−z∣=∣1−2∣=1,|y-z|=|1-2|=1,∣y−z∣=∣1−2∣=1,

so (y,z)∈R(y,z)\in R(y,z)∈R. But

∣x−z∣=∣0−2∣=2>1,|x-z|=|0-2|=2>1,∣x−z∣=∣0−2∣=2>1,

so (x,z)∉R(x,z)\notin R(x,z)∈/R. Thus it is not transitive.

So the statement “symmetric and transitive” is incorrect.


4. Check option C

Relation:

(x,y)∈R  ⟺  ∣x∣−∣y∣≤1(x,y)\in R \iff |x|-|y|\le 1(x,y)∈R⟺∣x∣−∣y∣≤1

Reflexive check

For any xxx,

∣x∣−∣x∣=0≤1,|x|-|x|=0\le 1,∣x∣−∣x∣=0≤1,

so (x,x)∈R(x,x)\in R(x,x)∈R for all xxx. Hence it is reflexive.

Symmetry check

Take x=3,y=1x=3, y=1x=3,y=1. Then

∣x∣−∣y∣=3−1=2≰1,|x|-|y|=3-1=2 \not\le 1,∣x∣−∣y∣=3−1=2≤1,

so (x,y)∉R(x,y)\notin R(x,y)∈/R. But

∣y∣−∣x∣=1−3=−2≤1,|y|-|x|=1-3=-2\le 1,∣y∣−∣x∣=1−3=−2≤1,

so (y,x)∈R(y,x)\in R(y,x)∈R. Therefore symmetry fails. Hence it is not symmetric.

So option C is correct.


5. Check option D

Relation:

(x,y)∈R  ⟺  ∣x−y∣≤1(x,y)\in R \iff |x-y|\le 1(x,y)∈R⟺∣x−y∣≤1

Reflexive check

For any xxx,

∣x−x∣=0≤1,|x-x|=0\le 1,∣x−x∣=0≤1,

so (x,x)∈R(x,x)\in R(x,x)∈R. Hence reflexive.

Symmetry check

Since

∣x−y∣=∣y−x∣,|x-y|=|y-x|,∣x−y∣=∣y−x∣,

if (x,y)∈R(x,y)\in R(x,y)∈R, then (y,x)∈R(y,x)\in R(y,x)∈R. Hence symmetric.

So option D is correct.


6. Conclusion

Only option B is not correct, because the relation

0<∣x−y∣≤10<|x-y|\le 10<∣x−y∣≤1

is symmetric but not transitive.

Therefore, the required answer is:

B\boxed{B}B​

7. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: B

Our derived answer: B

So they agree.

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