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Correct answer: 5
- Interpret the sets
- set of all 3-digit natural numbers, so
- , i.e. numbers congruent to .
- , i.e. numbers congruent to , where .
We need the sum of all elements of to be
So among the 3-digit numbers, we include those congruent to either or modulo .
- Count and sum 3-digit numbers in each residue class mod 9
Since the 900 three-digit numbers split equally among the 9 residue classes modulo 9.
Hence each residue class has terms.
Also, numbers in any fixed residue class form an arithmetic progression with common difference .
- Sum of 3-digit numbers congruent to
The first 3-digit number congruent to is and the last is .
So the progression is with terms.
Its sum is
- Required sum for residue class
If , then the two residue classes are disjoint, so Thus
Now compute in terms of .
For residue class , the smallest 3-digit number congruent to is:
- if , starting from , the first such number is .
Indeed, and since , this lies between and .
The largest 3-digit number congruent to is
So the AP is with terms.
Hence
Set this equal to :
- Check the case
If , then , so the sum would just be , not . Thus , and our solution is valid.
- Final answer
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