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Sets and Relations question

2021 · 24 Feb · Shift 1 · Q40
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Sets and Relations question

2021 · 24 Feb · Shift 1 · Q40

JEE MainMathematicsSets and RelationsNumerical+4 / −1
Let A = {n ∈\in∈ N: n is a 3-digit number} B = {9k + 2: k ∈\in∈ N} and C = {9k + lll: k ∈\in∈ N} for some l(0<l<9)l ( 0 \lt l \lt 9)l(0<l<9) If the sum of all the elements of the set A ∩\cap∩(B ∪\cup∪ C) is 274 ×\times× 400, then lll is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 5

  1. Interpret the sets
  • A=A=A= set of all 3-digit natural numbers, so A={100,101,102,…,999}A=\{100,101,102,\dots,999\}A={100,101,102,…,999}
  • B={9k+2:k∈N}B=\{9k+2:k\in \mathbb N\}B={9k+2:k∈N}, i.e. numbers congruent to 2(mod9)2 \pmod 92(mod9).
  • C={9k+l:k∈N}C=\{9k+l:k\in \mathbb N\}C={9k+l:k∈N}, i.e. numbers congruent to l(mod9)l \pmod 9l(mod9), where 0<l<90<l<90<l<9.

We need the sum of all elements of A∩(B∪C)A\cap (B\cup C)A∩(B∪C) to be 274×400=109600.274\times 400=109600.274×400=109600.

So among the 3-digit numbers, we include those congruent to either 222 or lll modulo 999.


  1. Count and sum 3-digit numbers in each residue class mod 9

Since 100≡1(mod9),999≡0(mod9),100\equiv 1 \pmod 9, \qquad 999\equiv 0 \pmod 9,100≡1(mod9),999≡0(mod9), the 900 three-digit numbers split equally among the 9 residue classes modulo 9.

Hence each residue class has 9009=100\frac{900}{9}=1009900​=100 terms.

Also, numbers in any fixed residue class form an arithmetic progression with common difference 999.


  1. Sum of 3-digit numbers congruent to 2(mod9)2 \pmod 92(mod9)

The first 3-digit number congruent to 2(mod9)2 \pmod 92(mod9) is 101101101 and the last is 992992992.

So the progression is 101,110,119,…,992101,110,119,\dots,992101,110,119,…,992 with 100100100 terms.

Its sum is S2=1002(101+992)=50⋅1093=54650.S_2=\frac{100}{2}(101+992)=50\cdot 1093=54650.S2​=2100​(101+992)=50⋅1093=54650.


  1. Required sum for residue class lll

If l≠2l\neq 2l=2, then the two residue classes are disjoint, so S2+Sl=109600.S_2+S_l=109600.S2​+Sl​=109600. Thus Sl=109600−54650=54950.S_l=109600-54650=54950.Sl​=109600−54650=54950.

Now compute SlS_lSl​ in terms of lll.

For residue class lll, the smallest 3-digit number congruent to l(mod9)l \pmod 9l(mod9) is:

  • if l≥1l\ge 1l≥1, starting from 100≡1(mod9)100\equiv 1 \pmod 9100≡1(mod9), the first such number is 99+l99+l99+l.

Indeed, 99+l≡l(mod9),99+l \equiv l \pmod 9,99+l≡l(mod9), and since 1≤l≤81\le l\le 81≤l≤8, this lies between 100100100 and 107107107.

The largest 3-digit number congruent to l(mod9)l \pmod 9l(mod9) is 990+l.990+l.990+l.

So the AP is (99+l),(108+l),(117+l),…,(990+l)(99+l),(108+l),(117+l),\dots,(990+l)(99+l),(108+l),(117+l),…,(990+l) with 100100100 terms.

Hence Sl=1002((99+l)+(990+l))S_l=\frac{100}{2}\big((99+l)+(990+l)\big)Sl​=2100​((99+l)+(990+l)) =50(1089+2l).=50(1089+2l).=50(1089+2l).

Set this equal to 549505495054950: 50(1089+2l)=5495050(1089+2l)=5495050(1089+2l)=54950 1089+2l=10991089+2l=10991089+2l=1099 2l=102l=102l=10 l=5.l=5.l=5.


  1. Check the case l=2l=2l=2

If l=2l=2l=2, then B=CB=CB=C, so the sum would just be S2=54650S_2=54650S2​=54650, not 109600109600109600. Thus l≠2l\neq 2l=2, and our solution is valid.


  1. Final answer

5\boxed{5}5​

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