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Sequences and Series question

2020 · 2 Sep · Shift 1 · Q26
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Sequences and Series question

2020 · 2 Sep · Shift 1 · Q26

JEE MainMathematicsSequences and SeriesMCQ+4 / −1
The sum of the first three terms of a G.P. is S and their product is 27. Then all such S lie in :
  1. A
    [-3, ∞\infty∞)
  2. B
    (-∝\propto∝, 9]
  3. C
    (-∝\propto∝, -9] ∪\cup∪ [-3, ∞\infty∞)
  4. D
    (-∝\propto∝, -3] ∪\cup∪ [9, ∞\infty∞)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Let the first three terms of the G.P. be ar, a, ar\frac{a}{r},\ a,\ arra​, a, ar where aaa is the middle term.

  2. Use the product condition Their product is ar⋅a⋅ar=a3\frac{a}{r}\cdot a \cdot ar = a^3ra​⋅a⋅ar=a3 Given this product is 272727, so a3=27  ⟹  a=3a^3=27 \implies a=3a3=27⟹a=3

  3. Write the sum of the three terms S=3r+3+3r=3(r+1+1r),r≠0S=\frac{3}{r}+3+3r=3\left(r+1+\frac{1}{r}\right), \qquad r\neq 0S=r3​+3+3r=3(r+1+r1​),r=0

  4. Let x=r+1rx=r+\frac{1}{r}x=r+r1​ Then S=3(x+1)S=3(x+1)S=3(x+1)

  5. Find the possible values of xxx For real r≠0r\neq 0r=0, r+1r≥2orr+1r≤−2r+\frac{1}{r} \ge 2 \quad \text{or} \quad r+\frac{1}{r} \le -2r+r1​≥2orr+r1​≤−2 Hence, x∈(−∞,−2]∪[2,∞)x\in (-\infty,-2]\cup[2,\infty)x∈(−∞,−2]∪[2,∞)

  6. Transform this to the range of SSS Since S=3(x+1)S=3(x+1)S=3(x+1) we get:

    • if x≤−2x\le -2x≤−2, then S≤3(−2+1)=−3S\le 3(-2+1)=-3S≤3(−2+1)=−3
    • if x≥2x\ge 2x≥2, then S≥3(2+1)=9S\ge 3(2+1)=9S≥3(2+1)=9

    Therefore, S∈(−∞,−3]∪[9,∞)S\in (-\infty,-3]\cup[9,\infty)S∈(−∞,−3]∪[9,∞)

  7. Match with the options This is exactly Option D.


Verification with stored answer: Stored correct answer is D, which matches our derived answer.

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