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Sequences and Series question

2016 · Shift 0 · Q34
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Sequences and Series question

2016 · Shift 0 · Q34

JEE MainMathematicsSequences and SeriesMCQ+4 / −1
If the 2nd,5th and 9th{2^{nd}},{5^{th}}\,and\,{9^{th}}2nd,5thand9th terms of a non-constant A.P. are in G.P., then the common ratio of this G.P. is :
  1. A
    1
  2. B
    74{7 \over 4}47​
  3. C
    85{8 \over 5}58​
  4. D
    43{4 \over 3}34​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

Let the A.P. have first term aaa and common difference ddd.

1. Write the required terms of the A.P.

The nnnth term of an A.P. is Tn=a+(n−1)dT_n=a+(n-1)dTn​=a+(n−1)d

So,

  • 2nd2^{\text{nd}}2nd term: T2=a+dT_2=a+dT2​=a+d
  • 5th5^{\text{th}}5th term: T5=a+4dT_5=a+4dT5​=a+4d
  • 9th9^{\text{th}}9th term: T9=a+8dT_9=a+8dT9​=a+8d

These are in G.P.

2. Use the condition for three numbers to be in G.P.

If x,y,zx,y,zx,y,z are in G.P., then y2=xzy^2=xzy2=xz

Hence, (a+4d)2=(a+d)(a+8d)(a+4d)^2=(a+d)(a+8d)(a+4d)2=(a+d)(a+8d)

3. Expand both sides

Left side: (a+4d)2=a2+8ad+16d2(a+4d)^2=a^2+8ad+16d^2(a+4d)2=a2+8ad+16d2

Right side: (a+d)(a+8d)=a2+9ad+8d2(a+d)(a+8d)=a^2+9ad+8d^2(a+d)(a+8d)=a2+9ad+8d2

Equating: a2+8ad+16d2=a2+9ad+8d2a^2+8ad+16d^2=a^2+9ad+8d^2a2+8ad+16d2=a2+9ad+8d2

Cancel a2a^2a2: 8ad+16d2=9ad+8d28ad+16d^2=9ad+8d^28ad+16d2=9ad+8d2

Rearrange: 8d2−ad=08d^2-ad=08d2−ad=0 d(8d−a)=0d(8d-a)=0d(8d−a)=0

Since the A.P. is non-constant, d≠0d\neq 0d=0. Therefore, a=8da=8da=8d

4. Find the three terms

Substitute a=8da=8da=8d:

  • T2=a+d=8d+d=9dT_2=a+d=8d+d=9dT2​=a+d=8d+d=9d
  • T5=a+4d=8d+4d=12dT_5=a+4d=8d+4d=12dT5​=a+4d=8d+4d=12d
  • T9=a+8d=8d+8d=16dT_9=a+8d=8d+8d=16dT9​=a+8d=8d+8d=16d

So the three terms are 9d,  12d,  16d9d,\;12d,\;16d9d,12d,16d

5. Find the common ratio of the G.P.

r=12d9d=43r=\frac{12d}{9d}=\frac{4}{3}r=9d12d​=34​ Also, 16d12d=43\frac{16d}{12d}=\frac{4}{3}12d16d​=34​

Thus the common ratio is 43\boxed{\frac{4}{3}}34​​

6. Check options

  • A: 111 ❌
  • B: 74\frac{7}{4}47​ ❌
  • C: 85\frac{8}{5}58​ ❌
  • D: 43\frac{4}{3}34​ ✅

Therefore, the correct option is D.

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