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Sequences and Series question

2016 · 10 Apr · Shift 1 · Q30
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Sequences and Series question

2016 · 10 Apr · Shift 1 · Q30

JEE MainMathematicsSequences and SeriesMCQ+4 / −1
If A > 0, B > 0 and A + B = π6{\pi \over 6}6π​, then the minimum value of tanA + tanB is :
  1. A
    3−2\sqrt 3 - \sqrt 23​−2​
  2. B
    2−32 - \sqrt 32−3​
  3. C
    4−234 - 2\sqrt 34−23​
  4. D
    23{2 \over {\sqrt 3 }}3​2​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Given

    A>0, B>0, A+B=π6A>0,\, B>0,\, A+B=\frac{\pi}{6}A>0,B>0,A+B=6π​ We need the minimum value of tan⁡A+tan⁡B.\tan A+\tan B.tanA+tanB.

  2. Use the identity for tan⁡(A+B)\tan(A+B)tan(A+B)

    tan⁡(A+B)=tan⁡A+tan⁡B1−tan⁡Atan⁡B\tan(A+B)=\frac{\tan A+\tan B}{1-\tan A\tan B}tan(A+B)=1−tanAtanBtanA+tanB​

    Since A+B=π6A+B=\frac{\pi}{6}A+B=6π​, tan⁡(π6)=13.\tan\left(\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}.tan(6π​)=3​1​. Therefore, tan⁡A+tan⁡B1−tan⁡Atan⁡B=13.\frac{\tan A+\tan B}{1-\tan A\tan B}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}.1−tanAtanBtanA+tanB​=3​1​.

    Let x=tan⁡A,y=tan⁡B.x=\tan A,\quad y=\tan B.x=tanA,y=tanB. Then x+y1−xy=13.\frac{x+y}{1-xy}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}.1−xyx+y​=3​1​.

  3. Express x+yx+yx+y in terms of xyxyxy

    Rearranging, x+y=1−xy3.x+y=\frac{1-xy}{\sqrt{3}}.x+y=3​1−xy​. But this is not directly enough for minimization.

  4. Use symmetry / Jensen / convexity idea

    Since A,B>0A,B>0A,B>0 and A+BA+BA+B is fixed, consider f(t)=tan⁡t.f(t)=\tan t.f(t)=tant. On (0,π6)\left(0,\frac{\pi}{6}\right)(0,6π​), f′′(t)=2sec⁡2ttan⁡t>0,f''(t)=2\sec^2 t\tan t>0,f′′(t)=2sec2ttant>0, so tan⁡t\tan ttant is convex.

    For a convex function, with fixed sum A+BA+BA+B, the expression tan⁡A+tan⁡B\tan A+\tan BtanA+tanB is minimized when A=B=A+B2=π12.A=B=\frac{A+B}{2}=\frac{\pi}{12}.A=B=2A+B​=12π​.

  5. Compute the minimum value

    tan⁡A+tan⁡B≥2tan⁡(π12).\tan A+\tan B \ge 2\tan\left(\frac{\pi}{12}\right).tanA+tanB≥2tan(12π​).

    Now, tan⁡(π12)=tan⁡15∘=2−3.\tan\left(\frac{\pi}{12}\right)=\tan 15^\circ=2-\sqrt{3}.tan(12π​)=tan15∘=2−3​.

    Hence, min⁡(tan⁡A+tan⁡B)=2(2−3)=4−23.\min(\tan A+\tan B)=2(2-\sqrt{3})=4-2\sqrt{3}.min(tanA+tanB)=2(2−3​)=4−23​.

  6. Check options

    4−234-2\sqrt{3}4−23​ corresponds to Option C.

  7. Comparison with stored answer

    Stored correct answer: C

    Derived answer: C

    So they agree.

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