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Quadratic Equation and Inequalities question

2022 · 30 Jun · Shift 1 · Q23
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  5. /2022 · 30 Jun · Shift 1 · Q23

Quadratic Equation and Inequalities question

2022 · 30 Jun · Shift 1 · Q23

JEE MainMathematicsQuadratic Equation and InequalitiesMCQ+4 / −1
Let S1={x∈R−{1,2}:(x+2)(x2+3x+5)−2+3x−x2≥0}{S_1} = \left\{ {x \in R - \{ 1,2\} :{{(x + 2)({x^2} + 3x + 5)} \over { - 2 + 3x - {x^2}}} \ge 0} \right\}S1​={x∈R−{1,2}:−2+3x−x2(x+2)(x2+3x+5)​≥0} and S2={x∈R:32x−3x+1−3x+2+27≤0}{S_2} = \left\{ {x \in R:{3^{2x}} - {3^{x + 1}} - {3^{x + 2}} + 27 \le 0} \right\}S2​={x∈R:32x−3x+1−3x+2+27≤0}. Then, S1∪S2{S_1} \cup {S_2}S1​∪S2​ is equal to :
  1. A
    (−∞,−2]∪(1,2)( - \infty , - 2] \cup (1,2)(−∞,−2]∪(1,2)
  2. B
    (−∞,−2]∪[1,2]( - \infty , - 2] \cup [1,2](−∞,−2]∪[1,2]
  3. C
    (−2,1]∪[2,∞)( - 2,1] \cup [2,\infty )(−2,1]∪[2,∞)
  4. D
    (−∞,2]( - \infty ,2](−∞,2]
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

We need to find S1S_1S1​, S2S_2S2​, and then compute S1∪S2S_1\cup S_2S1​∪S2​.


1. Find S1S_1S1​

Given

S1={x∈R−{1,2}:(x+2)(x2+3x+5)−2+3x−x2≥0}.S_1=\left\{x\in \mathbb{R}-\{1,2\}:\frac{(x+2)(x^2+3x+5)}{-2+3x-x^2}\ge 0\right\}.S1​={x∈R−{1,2}:−2+3x−x2(x+2)(x2+3x+5)​≥0}.

Step 1: Simplify the denominator

−2+3x−x2=−(x2−3x+2)=−(x−1)(x−2).-2+3x-x^2=-(x^2-3x+2)=-(x-1)(x-2).−2+3x−x2=−(x2−3x+2)=−(x−1)(x−2).

So the inequality becomes

(x+2)(x2+3x+5)−(x−1)(x−2)≥0.\frac{(x+2)(x^2+3x+5)}{-(x-1)(x-2)}\ge 0.−(x−1)(x−2)(x+2)(x2+3x+5)​≥0.

Equivalently,

(x+2)(x2+3x+5)(x−1)(x−2)≤0.\frac{(x+2)(x^2+3x+5)}{(x-1)(x-2)}\le 0.(x−1)(x−2)(x+2)(x2+3x+5)​≤0.

Step 2: Analyze x2+3x+5x^2+3x+5x2+3x+5

Check its discriminant:

Δ=32−4⋅1⋅5=9−20=−11<0.\Delta=3^2-4\cdot 1\cdot 5=9-20=-11<0.Δ=32−4⋅1⋅5=9−20=−11<0.

Since leading coefficient is positive, we have

x2+3x+5>0for all x∈R.x^2+3x+5>0\quad \text{for all }x\in \mathbb{R}.x2+3x+5>0for all x∈R.

Thus the sign depends only on

x+2(x−1)(x−2)≤0,\frac{x+2}{(x-1)(x-2)}\le 0,(x−1)(x−2)x+2​≤0,

with x≠1,2x\ne 1,2x=1,2.

Step 3: Critical points

Critical points are

−2, 1, 2.-2,\ 1,\ 2.−2, 1, 2.

Now do sign analysis:

  • For x<−2x< -2x<−2: take x=−3x=-3x=−3

    x+2(x−1)(x−2)=−1(−4)(−5)<0\frac{x+2}{(x-1)(x-2)}=\frac{-1}{(-4)(-5)}<0(x−1)(x−2)x+2​=(−4)(−5)−1​<0

    so included.

  • For −2<x<1-2<x<1−2<x<1: take x=0x=0x=0

    2(−1)(−2)>0\frac{2}{(-1)(-2)}>0(−1)(−2)2​>0

    so not included.

  • For 1<x<21<x<21<x<2: take x=32x=\frac32x=23​

    72(12)(−12)<0\frac{\frac72}{(\frac12)(-\frac12)}<0(21​)(−21​)27​​<0

    so included.

  • For x>2x>2x>2: take x=3x=3x=3

    5(2)(1)>0\frac{5}{(2)(1)}>0(2)(1)5​>0

    so not included.

At x=−2x=-2x=−2, numerator is zero, denominator nonzero, so equality holds and x=−2x=-2x=−2 is included.

Therefore,

S1=(−∞,−2]∪(1,2).S_1=(-\infty,-2]\cup(1,2).S1​=(−∞,−2]∪(1,2).

2. Find S2S_2S2​

Given

S2={x∈R:32x−3x+1−3x+2+27≤0}.S_2=\left\{x\in \mathbb{R}:3^{2x}-3^{x+1}-3^{x+2}+27\le 0\right\}.S2​={x∈R:32x−3x+1−3x+2+27≤0}.

Step 1: Substitute t=3xt=3^xt=3x

Since 3x>03^x>03x>0, let

t=3x>0.t=3^x>0.t=3x>0.

Then

32x=t2,3x+1=3t,3x+2=9t.3^{2x}=t^2, \quad 3^{x+1}=3t, \quad 3^{x+2}=9t.32x=t2,3x+1=3t,3x+2=9t.

So the inequality becomes

t2−3t−9t+27≤0t^2-3t-9t+27\le 0t2−3t−9t+27≤0 t2−12t+27≤0.t^2-12t+27\le 0.t2−12t+27≤0.

Step 2: Factorize

t2−12t+27=(t−3)(t−9).t^2-12t+27=(t-3)(t-9).t2−12t+27=(t−3)(t−9).

So

(t−3)(t−9)≤0.(t-3)(t-9)\le 0.(t−3)(t−9)≤0.

Hence

3≤t≤9.3\le t\le 9.3≤t≤9.

Now t=3xt=3^xt=3x, so

3≤3x≤9=32.3\le 3^x\le 9=3^2.3≤3x≤9=32.

Since 3x3^x3x is increasing,

1≤x≤2.1\le x\le 2.1≤x≤2.

Therefore,

S2=[1,2].S_2=[1,2].S2​=[1,2].

3. Compute S1∪S2S_1\cup S_2S1​∪S2​

We have

S1=(−∞,−2]∪(1,2),S_1=(-\infty,-2]\cup(1,2),S1​=(−∞,−2]∪(1,2), S2=[1,2].S_2=[1,2].S2​=[1,2].

Therefore,

S1∪S2=(−∞,−2]∪[1,2].S_1\cup S_2 = (-\infty,-2]\cup[1,2].S1​∪S2​=(−∞,−2]∪[1,2].

4. Match with options

This is Option B.

(−∞,−2]∪[1,2]\boxed{(-\infty,-2]\cup[1,2]}(−∞,−2]∪[1,2]​
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