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Probability question

2024 · 31 Jan · Shift 2 · Q32
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  5. /2024 · 31 Jan · Shift 2 · Q32

Probability question

2024 · 31 Jan · Shift 2 · Q32

JEE MainMathematicsProbabilityMCQ+4 / −1
A coin is biased so that a head is twice as likely to occur as a tail. If the coin is tossed 3 times, then the probability of getting two tails and one head is
  1. A
    19\frac{1}{9}91​
  2. B
    29\frac{2}{9}92​
  3. C
    127\frac{1}{27}271​
  4. D
    227\frac{2}{27}272​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Find the probability of Head and Tail

Let the probability of tail be xxx.

Since a head is twice as likely as a tail, P(H)=2xP(H)=2xP(H)=2x

Also, P(H)+P(T)=1P(H)+P(T)=1P(H)+P(T)=1 So, 2x+x=1⇒3x=1⇒x=132x+x=1 \Rightarrow 3x=1 \Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{3}2x+x=1⇒3x=1⇒x=31​

Hence, P(T)=13,P(H)=23P(T)=\frac{1}{3}, \qquad P(H)=\frac{2}{3}P(T)=31​,P(H)=32​

  1. Find the probability of getting exactly two tails and one head in 3 tosses

We need outcomes with exactly 2 tails and 1 head.

The possible arrangements are:

  • TTHTTHTTH
  • THTTHTTHT
  • HTTHTTHTT

So, number of favorable sequences is (32)=3\binom{3}{2}=3(23​)=3

  1. Probability of each such sequence

For example, probability of TTHTTHTTH is P(TTH)=P(T)⋅P(T)⋅P(H)=13⋅13⋅23=227P(TTH)=P(T)\cdot P(T)\cdot P(H)=\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{2}{3}=\frac{2}{27}P(TTH)=P(T)⋅P(T)⋅P(H)=31​⋅31​⋅32​=272​

Each of the 3 arrangements has the same probability 227\frac{2}{27}272​.

Therefore, total probability is 3×227=627=293\times \frac{2}{27}=\frac{6}{27}=\frac{2}{9}3×272​=276​=92​

  1. Match with the options

29\frac{2}{9}92​ corresponds to Option B.

Therefore, the correct answer is B.

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