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Permutations and Combinations question

2024 · 1 Feb · Shift 1 · Q52
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Permutations and Combinations question

2024 · 1 Feb · Shift 1 · Q52

JEE MainMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsNumerical+4 / −1
The number of elements in the set S={(x,y,z):x,y,z∈Z,x+2y+3z=42,x,y,z⩾0}\mathrm{S}=\{(x, y, z): x, y, z \in \mathbf{Z}, x+2 y+3 z=42, x, y, z \geqslant 0\}S={(x,y,z):x,y,z∈Z,x+2y+3z=42,x,y,z⩾0} equals ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 169

  1. We need the number of non-negative integer solutions of x+2y+3z=42,x+2y+3z=42,x+2y+3z=42, where x,y,z∈Zx,y,z\in \mathbb Zx,y,z∈Z and x,y,z≥0x,y,z\ge 0x,y,z≥0.

  2. For each fixed zzz, the equation becomes x+2y=42−3z.x+2y=42-3z.x+2y=42−3z. Since x,y≥0x,y\ge 0x,y≥0, we must have 42−3z≥0  ⟹  z=0,1,2,…,14.42-3z\ge 0 \implies z=0,1,2,\dots,14.42−3z≥0⟹z=0,1,2,…,14.

  3. Now count the number of non-negative integer solutions of x+2y=Nx+2y=Nx+2y=N for each N=42−3zN=42-3zN=42−3z.

For a fixed NNN, once yyy is chosen, x=N−2yx=N-2yx=N−2y is determined and must be non-negative. So y=0,1,2,…,⌊N2⌋.y=0,1,2,\dots,\left\lfloor \frac N2 \right\rfloor.y=0,1,2,…,⌊2N​⌋. Hence number of solutions is ⌊N2⌋+1.\left\lfloor \frac N2 \right\rfloor+1.⌊2N​⌋+1.

Thus total number of solutions is ∑z=014(⌊42−3z2⌋+1).\sum_{z=0}^{14} \left(\left\lfloor \frac{42-3z}{2} \right\rfloor+1\right).∑z=014​(⌊242−3z​⌋+1).

  1. Evaluate this sum term-by-term:
  • z=0z=0z=0: N=42N=42N=42, count =⌊42/2⌋+1=21+1=22=\lfloor 42/2\rfloor+1=21+1=22=⌊42/2⌋+1=21+1=22
  • z=1z=1z=1: N=39N=39N=39, count =⌊39/2⌋+1=19+1=20=\lfloor 39/2\rfloor+1=19+1=20=⌊39/2⌋+1=19+1=20
  • z=2z=2z=2: N=36N=36N=36, count =18+1=19=18+1=19=18+1=19
  • z=3z=3z=3: N=33N=33N=33, count =16+1=17=16+1=17=16+1=17
  • z=4z=4z=4: N=30N=30N=30, count =15+1=16=15+1=16=15+1=16
  • z=5z=5z=5: N=27N=27N=27, count =13+1=14=13+1=14=13+1=14
  • z=6z=6z=6: N=24N=24N=24, count =12+1=13=12+1=13=12+1=13
  • z=7z=7z=7: N=21N=21N=21, count =10+1=11=10+1=11=10+1=11
  • z=8z=8z=8: N=18N=18N=18, count =9+1=10=9+1=10=9+1=10
  • z=9z=9z=9: N=15N=15N=15, count =7+1=8=7+1=8=7+1=8
  • z=10z=10z=10: N=12N=12N=12, count =6+1=7=6+1=7=6+1=7
  • z=11z=11z=11: N=9N=9N=9, count =4+1=5=4+1=5=4+1=5
  • z=12z=12z=12: N=6N=6N=6, count =3+1=4=3+1=4=3+1=4
  • z=13z=13z=13: N=3N=3N=3, count =1+1=2=1+1=2=1+1=2
  • z=14z=14z=14: N=0N=0N=0, count =0+1=1=0+1=1=0+1=1
  1. Add them: 22+20+19+17+16+14+13+11+10+8+7+5+4+2+1.22+20+19+17+16+14+13+11+10+8+7+5+4+2+1.22+20+19+17+16+14+13+11+10+8+7+5+4+2+1.

Let's sum carefully: 22+20=4222+20=4222+20=42 42+19=6142+19=6142+19=61 61+17=7861+17=7861+17=78 78+16=9478+16=9478+16=94 94+14=10894+14=10894+14=108 108+13=121108+13=121108+13=121 121+11=132121+11=132121+11=132 132+10=142132+10=142132+10=142 142+8=150142+8=150142+8=150 150+7=157150+7=157150+7=157 157+5=162157+5=162157+5=162 162+4=166162+4=166162+4=166 166+2=168166+2=168166+2=168 168+1=169.168+1=169.168+1=169.

Therefore, the number of elements in the set is 169.\boxed{169}.169​.

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