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Parabola question

2022 · 29 Jun · Shift 1 · Q34
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  5. /2022 · 29 Jun · Shift 1 · Q34

Parabola question

2022 · 29 Jun · Shift 1 · Q34

JEE MainMathematicsParabolaMCQ+4 / −1
Let PQ be a focal chord of the parabola y2 = 4x such that it subtends an angle of π2{\pi \over 2}2π​ at the point (3, 0). Let the line segment PQ be also a focal chord of the ellipse E:x2a2+y2b2=1E:{{{x^2}} \over {{a^2}}} + {{{y^2}} \over {{b^2}}} = 1E:a2x2​+b2y2​=1, a2>b2{a^2} \gt {b^2}a2>b2. If e is the eccentricity of the ellipse E, then the value of 1e2{1 \over {{e^2}}}e21​ is equal to :
  1. A
    1+21 + \sqrt 21+2​
  2. B
    3+223 + 2\sqrt 23+22​
  3. C
    1+231 + 2\sqrt 31+23​
  4. D
    4+534 + 5\sqrt 34+53​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Parameter form of a focal chord of y2=4xy^2=4xy2=4x

For the parabola y2=4xy^2=4xy2=4x, a point with parameter ttt is P(t)=(t2,2t).P(t)=(t^2,2t).P(t)=(t2,2t).

A focal chord has endpoints corresponding to parameters t1,t2t_1,t_2t1​,t2​ such that t1t2=−1.t_1t_2=-1.t1​t2​=−1. So we may take P=(t2,2t),Q=(1t2,−2t),P=(t^2,2t),\qquad Q=\left(\frac{1}{t^2},-\frac{2}{t}\right),P=(t2,2t),Q=(t21​,−t2​), where the second point corresponds to parameter −1t-\frac1t−t1​.


  1. Use the condition that ∠P(3,0)Q=π2\angle P(3,0)Q=\frac\pi2∠P(3,0)Q=2π​

Let R=(3,0)R=(3,0)R=(3,0). Since ∠PRQ=90∘\angle PRQ=90^\circ∠PRQ=90∘, we must have RP→⋅RQ→=0.\overrightarrow{RP}\cdot \overrightarrow{RQ}=0.RP⋅RQ​=0.

Now, RP→=(t2−3,2t),\overrightarrow{RP}=(t^2-3,2t),RP=(t2−3,2t), RQ→=(1t2−3,−2t).\overrightarrow{RQ}=\left(\frac{1}{t^2}-3,-\frac{2}{t}\right).RQ​=(t21​−3,−t2​).

Thus, \begin{align*} \overrightarrow{RP}\cdot \overrightarrow{RQ} &=(t^2-3)\left(\frac{1}{t^2}-3\right)+(2t)\left(-\frac{2}{t}\right)\ &=(t^2-3)\left(\frac{1}{t^2}-3\right)-4. \end{align*}

Expand: \begin{align*} (t^2-3)\left(\frac{1}{t^2}-3\right) &=1-3t^2-\frac{3}{t^2}+9. \end{align*} So, 1−3t2−3t2+9−4=0,1-3t^2-\frac{3}{t^2}+9-4=0,1−3t2−t23​+9−4=0, which gives 6−3(t2+1t2)=0.6-3\left(t^2+\frac1{t^2}\right)=0.6−3(t2+t21​)=0. Hence, t2+1t2=2.t^2+\frac1{t^2}=2.t2+t21​=2.

Therefore, (t−1t)2=t2+1t2−2=0,\left(t-\frac1t\right)^2=t^2+\frac1{t^2}-2=0,(t−t1​)2=t2+t21​−2=0, so t=±1.t=\pm 1.t=±1.

Thus the chord endpoints are P=(1,2),Q=(1,−2).P=(1,2),\qquad Q=(1,-2).P=(1,2),Q=(1,−2). So the line segment PQPQPQ is the vertical segment x=1.x=1.x=1.


  1. Now use that the same segment is a focal chord of the ellipse

Ellipse: x2a2+y2b2=1,a2>b2.\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1,\qquad a^2>b^2.a2x2​+b2y2​=1,a2>b2. Its foci are at (±c,0),c2=a2−b2,(\pm c,0),\qquad c^2=a^2-b^2,(±c,0),c2=a2−b2, and eccentricity is e=ca.e=\frac{c}{a}.e=ac​.

Since PQPQPQ is the same chord with endpoints (1,2)(1,2)(1,2) and (1,−2)(1,-2)(1,−2), its midpoint is (1,0)(1,0)(1,0). Because this is a focal chord of the ellipse and the chord is vertical, it must pass through a focus. Hence the relevant focus is (c,0)=(1,0),(c,0)=(1,0),(c,0)=(1,0), so c=1.c=1.c=1.

Also, since (1,2)(1,2)(1,2) lies on the ellipse, 1a2+4b2=1.\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{4}{b^2}=1.a21​+b24​=1. Using a2−b2=c2=1,a^2-b^2=c^2=1,a2−b2=c2=1, let b2=m  ⟹  a2=m+1.b^2=m \implies a^2=m+1.b2=m⟹a2=m+1. Then 1m+1+4m=1.\frac{1}{m+1}+\frac{4}{m}=1.m+11​+m4​=1. Multiply by m(m+1)m(m+1)m(m+1): m+4(m+1)=m(m+1).m+4(m+1)=m(m+1).m+4(m+1)=m(m+1). So 5m+4=m2+m,5m+4=m^2+m,5m+4=m2+m, which gives m2−4m−4=0.m^2-4m-4=0.m2−4m−4=0. Hence m=2+22m=2+2\sqrt2m=2+22​ (the positive root only), so b2=2+22,b^2=2+2\sqrt2,b2=2+22​, a2=b2+1=3+22.a^2=b^2+1=3+2\sqrt2.a2=b2+1=3+22​.


  1. Find 1e2\dfrac{1}{e^2}e21​

Since e2=c2a2=1a2,e^2=\frac{c^2}{a^2}=\frac{1}{a^2},e2=a2c2​=a21​, we get 1e2=a2=3+22.\frac{1}{e^2}=a^2=3+2\sqrt2.e21​=a2=3+22​.


  1. Check options

1e2=3+22,\frac{1}{e^2}=3+2\sqrt2,e21​=3+22​, which is Option B.


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: B

Our derived answer: B

So they agree.

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