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Parabola question

2021 · 27 Aug · Shift 2 · Q26
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  5. /2021 · 27 Aug · Shift 2 · Q26

Parabola question

2021 · 27 Aug · Shift 2 · Q26

JEE MainMathematicsParabolaMCQ+4 / −1
If two tangents drawn from a point P to the parabola y2 = 16(x −-− 3) are at right angles, then the locus of point P is :
  1. A
    x + 3 = 0
  2. B
    x + 1 = 0
  3. C
    x + 2 = 0
  4. D
    x + 4 = 0
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. Write the parabola in standard form

    Given parabola: y2=16(x−3)y^2 = 16(x-3)y2=16(x−3)

    Compare with standard form: y2=4a(x−h)y^2 = 4a(x-h)y2=4a(x−h)

    So, 4a=16⇒a=4,h=34a = 16 \Rightarrow a = 4, \qquad h=34a=16⇒a=4,h=3

    Hence the parabola is a rightward opening parabola with vertex at (3,0)(3,0)(3,0).

  2. Take a general point on the parabola

    For the standard parabola y2=4axy^2=4axy2=4ax, a parametric point is (at2,2at)(at^2, 2at)(at2,2at).

    Since our parabola is shifted by 333 units to the right, a general point on it is: (3+at2,  2at)\big(3+at^2,\; 2at\big)(3+at2,2at)

    With a=4a=4a=4: (3+4t2,  8t)\big(3+4t^2,\; 8t\big)(3+4t2,8t)

  3. Equation of tangent at parameter ttt

    For y2=4a(x−h)y^2=4a(x-h)y2=4a(x−h), tangent at parameter ttt is: ty=x−h+at2ty = x-h + at^2ty=x−h+at2

    Here, ty=x−3+4t2ty = x-3 + 4t^2ty=x−3+4t2

    Rearranging: x−ty+(4t2−3)=0x - ty + (4t^2-3)=0x−ty+(4t2−3)=0

  4. Condition that tangent passes through point P(x1,y1)P(x_1,y_1)P(x1​,y1​)

    If this tangent passes through P(x1,y1)P(x_1,y_1)P(x1​,y1​), then: ty1=x1−3+4t2t y_1 = x_1 - 3 + 4t^2ty1​=x1​−3+4t2

    or 4t2−y1t+(x1−3)=04t^2 - y_1 t + (x_1-3)=04t2−y1​t+(x1​−3)=0

    This quadratic in ttt gives the parameters of the two tangents drawn from PPP.

    Let the two roots be t1t_1t1​ and t2t_2t2​.

  5. Use the condition that the tangents are perpendicular

    For tangent ty=x−3+4t2ty = x-3+4t^2ty=x−3+4t2 we can write y=1tx+4t2−3ty = \frac{1}{t}x + \frac{4t^2-3}{t}y=t1​x+t4t2−3​

    So slope of tangent is: m=1tm = \frac{1}{t}m=t1​

    Therefore slopes of the two tangents are: m1=1t1,m2=1t2m_1 = \frac{1}{t_1}, \qquad m_2 = \frac{1}{t_2}m1​=t1​1​,m2​=t2​1​

    For perpendicular tangents: m1m2=−1m_1 m_2 = -1m1​m2​=−1

    Hence, 1t1t2=−1⇒t1t2=−1\frac{1}{t_1 t_2} = -1 \Rightarrow t_1 t_2 = -1t1​t2​1​=−1⇒t1​t2​=−1

  6. Relate product of roots to point PPP

    From the quadratic 4t2−y1t+(x1−3)=04t^2 - y_1 t + (x_1-3)=04t2−y1​t+(x1​−3)=0

    product of roots is: t1t2=x1−34t_1 t_2 = \frac{x_1-3}{4}t1​t2​=4x1​−3​

    Since t1t2=−1t_1 t_2=-1t1​t2​=−1, x1−34=−1\frac{x_1-3}{4}=-14x1​−3​=−1

    x1−3=−4x_1 - 3 = -4x1​−3=−4

    x1=−1x_1 = -1x1​=−1

  7. Locus of PPP

    Therefore the locus is: x=−1x = -1x=−1 or x+1=0x + 1 = 0x+1=0

  8. Match with options

    This is Option B.


Comparison with stored answer:

Stored correct answer: B

Derived answer: B

So the derived answer agrees with the stored correct answer.

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