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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2020 · 8 Jan · Shift 2 · Q34
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  5. /2020 · 8 Jan · Shift 2 · Q34

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2020 · 8 Jan · Shift 2 · Q34

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityMCQ+4 / −1
Let S be the set of all functions ƒ : [0,1] →\to→ R, which are continuous on [0,1] and differentiable on (0,1). Then for every ƒ in S, there exists a c ∈\in∈ (0,1), depending on ƒ, such that
  1. A
    ∣f(c)−f(1)∣<∣f′(c)∣\left| {f(c) - f(1)} \right| \lt \left| {f'(c)} \right|∣f(c)−f(1)∣<∣f′(c)∣
  2. B
    ∣f(c)+f(1)∣<(1+c)∣f′(c)∣\left| {f(c) + f(1)} \right| \lt \left( {1 + c} \right)\left| {f'(c)} \right|∣f(c)+f(1)∣<(1+c)∣f′(c)∣
  3. C
    ∣f(c)−f(1)∣<(1−c)∣f′(c)∣\left| {f(c) - f(1)} \right| \lt \left( {1 - c} \right)\left| {f'(c)} \right|∣f(c)−f(1)∣<(1−c)∣f′(c)∣
  4. D
    None
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. We must determine which statement is true for every function f:[0,1]→Rf:[0,1]\to\mathbb Rf:[0,1]→R that is continuous on [0,1][0,1][0,1] and differentiable on (0,1)(0,1)(0,1).

So we test each option carefully.


  1. Option C

It states that there exists c∈(0,1)c\in(0,1)c∈(0,1) such that ∣f(c)−f(1)∣<(1−c)∣f′(c)∣.|f(c)-f(1)|<(1-c)|f'(c)|.∣f(c)−f(1)∣<(1−c)∣f′(c)∣.

Now apply Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorem on the interval [c,1][c,1][c,1]. Since fff is continuous on [c,1][c,1][c,1] and differentiable on (c,1)(c,1)(c,1), there exists some ξ∈(c,1)\xi\in(c,1)ξ∈(c,1) such that f(1)−f(c)=(1−c)f′(ξ).f(1)-f(c)=(1-c)f'(\xi).f(1)−f(c)=(1−c)f′(ξ). Hence ∣f(c)−f(1)∣=(1−c)∣f′(ξ)∣.|f(c)-f(1)|=(1-c)|f'(\xi)|.∣f(c)−f(1)∣=(1−c)∣f′(ξ)∣.

But option C requires the same point ccc on both sides, i.e. ∣f(c)−f(1)∣<(1−c)∣f′(c)∣,|f(c)-f(1)|<(1-c)|f'(c)|,∣f(c)−f(1)∣<(1−c)∣f′(c)∣, which is much stronger and not guaranteed by MVT.

To disprove it, take a simple function: f(x)=x.f(x)=x.f(x)=x. Then f′(x)=1f'(x)=1f′(x)=1 and

while

So for every c∈(0,1)c\in(0,1)c∈(0,1),

not strict inequality. Therefore Option C is false.


  1. Option A

It states that there exists c∈(0,1)c\in(0,1)c∈(0,1) such that ∣f(c)−f(1)∣<∣f′(c)∣.|f(c)-f(1)|<|f'(c)|.∣f(c)−f(1)∣<∣f′(c)∣.

Again use the same counterexample: f(x)=x.f(x)=x.f(x)=x. Then for any c∈(0,1)c\in(0,1)c∈(0,1),

Here indeed 1−c<11-c<11−c<1, so this example does not disprove A. We need a better test.

Take instead a constant function: f(x)=k.f(x)=k.f(x)=k. Then

and

So the inequality becomes 0<0,0<0,0<0, which is false. Thus there is no such ccc for a constant function. Hence Option A is false.


  1. Option B

It states that there exists c∈(0,1)c\in(0,1)c∈(0,1) such that ∣f(c)+f(1)∣<(1+c)∣f′(c)∣.|f(c)+f(1)|<(1+c)|f'(c)|.∣f(c)+f(1)∣<(1+c)∣f′(c)∣.

Again test with a constant function: f(x)=k.f(x)=k.f(x)=k. Then f′(x)=0.f'(x)=0.f′(x)=0. So the inequality becomes

that is,

This is impossible for every constant function, and in particular for k=1k=1k=1. Therefore Option B is false.


  1. Since A, B, and C are all false, the correct choice is D: None.\boxed{\text{D: None}}.D: None​.

  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: D.

Our derived answer is also D, so they agree.

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