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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2003 · Shift 0 · Q73
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  5. /2003 · Shift 0 · Q73

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2003 · Shift 0 · Q73

JEE MainMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityMCQ+4 / −1
If f(x)={xe−(1∣x∣+1x),xe00,x=0f(x) = \left\{ {\begin{matrix} {x{e^{ - \left( {{1 \over {\left| x \right|}} + {1 \over x}} \right)}}} & {,x e 0} \\ 0 & {,x = 0} \\ \end{matrix} } \right.f(x)={xe−(∣x∣1​+x1​)0​,xe0,x=0​ then f(x)f(x)f(x) is
  1. A
    discontinuous everywhere
  2. B
    continuous as well as differentiable for all x
  3. C
    continuous for all x but not differentiable at x = 0
  4. D
    neither differentiable nor continuous at x = 0
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Interpret the function carefully

The given function is

f(x)={xe−(1∣x∣+1x),x≠00,x=0f(x)= \begin{cases} xe^{-\left(\frac{1}{|x|}+\frac{1}{x}\right)}, & x\neq 0 \\ 0, & x=0 \end{cases}f(x)={xe−(∣x∣1​+x1​),0,​x=0x=0​

We must check continuity and differentiability, especially at x=0x=0x=0.


  1. Simplify the expression for x>0x>0x>0 and x<0x<0x<0

Since ∣x∣|x|∣x∣ behaves differently on the two sides of 000:

  • If x>0x>0x>0, then ∣x∣=x|x|=x∣x∣=x, so

    1∣x∣+1x=1x+1x=2x.\frac{1}{|x|}+\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}=\frac{2}{x}.∣x∣1​+x1​=x1​+x1​=x2​.

    Hence,

    f(x)=xe−2/x,x>0.f(x)=xe^{-2/x}, \quad x>0.f(x)=xe−2/x,x>0.
  • If x<0x<0x<0, then ∣x∣=−x|x|=-x∣x∣=−x, so

    1∣x∣=1−x=−1x.\frac{1}{|x|}=\frac{1}{-x}=-\frac{1}{x}.∣x∣1​=−x1​=−x1​.

    Therefore,

    1∣x∣+1x=−1x+1x=0.\frac{1}{|x|}+\frac{1}{x}=-\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}=0.∣x∣1​+x1​=−x1​+x1​=0.

    Hence,

    f(x)=xe0=x,x<0.f(x)=xe^0=x, \quad x<0.f(x)=xe0=x,x<0.

So the function becomes

f(x)={x,x<0,0,x=0,xe−2/x,x>0.f(x)= \begin{cases} x, & x<0,\\ 0, & x=0,\\ xe^{-2/x}, & x>0. \end{cases}f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​x,0,xe−2/x,​x<0,x=0,x>0.​
  1. Check continuity at x=0x=0x=0

We compute left-hand and right-hand limits.

Left-hand limit

For x<0x<0x<0, f(x)=xf(x)=xf(x)=x. Thus

lim⁡x→0−f(x)=lim⁡x→0−x=0.\lim_{x\to 0^-} f(x)=\lim_{x\to 0^-} x=0.x→0−lim​f(x)=x→0−lim​x=0.

Right-hand limit

For x>0x>0x>0, f(x)=xe−2/xf(x)=xe^{-2/x}f(x)=xe−2/x. As x→0+x\to 0^+x→0+,

e−2/x→0e^{-2/x}\to 0e−2/x→0

very rapidly, so

lim⁡x→0+xe−2/x=0.\lim_{x\to 0^+} xe^{-2/x}=0.x→0+lim​xe−2/x=0.

Also,

f(0)=0.f(0)=0.f(0)=0.

Thus,

lim⁡x→0f(x)=f(0)=0.\lim_{x\to 0} f(x)=f(0)=0.x→0lim​f(x)=f(0)=0.

So fff is continuous at x=0x=0x=0.

For all x≠0x\neq 0x=0, the formulas xxx and xe−2/xxe^{-2/x}xe−2/x are standard continuous functions. Hence fff is continuous for all real xxx.


  1. Check differentiability at x=0x=0x=0

Use the definition:

f′(0)=lim⁡h→0f(h)−f(0)h=lim⁡h→0f(h)h.f'(0)=\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{f(h)-f(0)}{h} = \lim_{h\to 0}\frac{f(h)}{h}.f′(0)=h→0lim​hf(h)−f(0)​=h→0lim​hf(h)​.

Now evaluate from both sides.

Left-hand derivative

For h<0h<0h<0, f(h)=hf(h)=hf(h)=h. Hence

f(h)h=hh=1.\frac{f(h)}{h}=\frac{h}{h}=1.hf(h)​=hh​=1.

So,

lim⁡h→0−f(h)−f(0)h=1.\lim_{h\to 0^-}\frac{f(h)-f(0)}{h}=1.h→0−lim​hf(h)−f(0)​=1.

Right-hand derivative

For h>0h>0h>0, f(h)=he−2/hf(h)=he^{-2/h}f(h)=he−2/h. Hence

f(h)h=e−2/h.\frac{f(h)}{h}=e^{-2/h}.hf(h)​=e−2/h.

So,

lim⁡h→0+f(h)−f(0)h=lim⁡h→0+e−2/h=0.\lim_{h\to 0^+}\frac{f(h)-f(0)}{h}=\lim_{h\to 0^+} e^{-2/h}=0.h→0+lim​hf(h)−f(0)​=h→0+lim​e−2/h=0.

Since left-hand derivative ≠\neq= right-hand derivative,

f′(0) does not exist.f'(0) \text{ does not exist.}f′(0) does not exist.

So fff is not differentiable at x=0x=0x=0.

For x≠0x\neq 0x=0, it is differentiable because each branch is differentiable there.


  1. Conclusion

The function is:

  • continuous for all xxx,
  • not differentiable at x=0x=0x=0.

Therefore, the correct option is

C\boxed{\text{C}}C​
  1. Compare with stored correct answer

Stored correct answer: C\text{C}C

Our derived answer: C\text{C}C

They agree.

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