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Inverse Trigonometric Functions question

2020 · 3 Sep · Shift 1 · Q20
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  5. /2020 · 3 Sep · Shift 1 · Q20

Inverse Trigonometric Functions question

2020 · 3 Sep · Shift 1 · Q20

JEE MainMathematicsInverse Trigonometric FunctionsMCQ+4 / −1
2 π\piπ-(sin⁡−145+sin⁡−1513+sin⁡−11665)\left( {{{\sin }^{ - 1}}{4 \over 5} + {{\sin }^{ - 1}}{5 \over {13}} + {{\sin }^{ - 1}}{{16} \over {65}}} \right)(sin−154​+sin−1135​+sin−16516​) is equal to :
  1. A
    7π4{{7\pi } \over 4}47π​
  2. B
    5π4{{5\pi } \over 4}45π​
  3. C
    3π2{{3\pi } \over 2}23π​
  4. D
    π2{\pi \over 2}2π​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Let
α=sin⁡−1(45),β=sin⁡−1(513),γ=sin⁡−1(1665).\alpha=\sin^{-1}\left(\frac45\right),\quad \beta=\sin^{-1}\left(\frac5{13}\right),\quad \gamma=\sin^{-1}\left(\frac{16}{65}\right).α=sin−1(54​),β=sin−1(135​),γ=sin−1(6516​).

We need to find

2π−(α+β+γ).2\pi-(\alpha+\beta+\gamma).2π−(α+β+γ).
  1. Since all three values lie in [0,1][0,1][0,1], their principal inverse-sine values are acute angles.

For α\alphaα:

sin⁡α=45  ⟹  cos⁡α=35.\sin\alpha=\frac45 \implies \cos\alpha=\frac35.sinα=54​⟹cosα=53​.

Hence

tan⁡α=4/53/5=43.\tan\alpha=\frac{4/5}{3/5}=\frac43.tanα=3/54/5​=34​.

For β\betaβ:

sin⁡β=513  ⟹  cos⁡β=1213.\sin\beta=\frac5{13} \implies \cos\beta=\frac{12}{13}.sinβ=135​⟹cosβ=1312​.

Hence

tan⁡β=5/1312/13=512.\tan\beta=\frac{5/13}{12/13}=\frac5{12}.tanβ=12/135/13​=125​.

For γ\gammaγ:

sin⁡γ=1665  ⟹  cos⁡γ=6365.\sin\gamma=\frac{16}{65} \implies \cos\gamma=\frac{63}{65}.sinγ=6516​⟹cosγ=6563​.

Hence

tan⁡γ=16/6563/65=1663.\tan\gamma=\frac{16/65}{63/65}=\frac{16}{63}.tanγ=63/6516/65​=6316​.
  1. First add α\alphaα and β\betaβ using tangent addition:
tan⁡(α+β)=tan⁡α+tan⁡β1−tan⁡αtan⁡β=43+5121−43⋅512.\tan(\alpha+\beta)=\frac{\tan\alpha+\tan\beta}{1-\tan\alpha\tan\beta} =\frac{\frac43+\frac5{12}}{1-\frac43\cdot\frac5{12}}.tan(α+β)=1−tanαtanβtanα+tanβ​=1−34​⋅125​34​+125​​.

Now simplify:

43+512=16+512=2112=74,\frac43+\frac5{12}=\frac{16+5}{12}=\frac{21}{12}=\frac74,34​+125​=1216+5​=1221​=47​,

and

1−43⋅512=1−2036=1−59=49.1-\frac43\cdot\frac5{12}=1-\frac{20}{36}=1-\frac59=\frac49.1−34​⋅125​=1−3620​=1−95​=94​.

Therefore,

tan⁡(α+β)=7/44/9=74⋅94=6316.\tan(\alpha+\beta)=\frac{7/4}{4/9}=\frac74\cdot\frac94=\frac{63}{16}.tan(α+β)=4/97/4​=47​⋅49​=1663​.

Since both α\alphaα and β\betaβ are acute, α+β\alpha+\betaα+β is acute as well, so

tan⁡(α+β)=6316.\tan(\alpha+\beta)=\frac{63}{16}.tan(α+β)=1663​.
  1. Now compare with γ\gammaγ:
tan⁡γ=1663.\tan\gamma=\frac{16}{63}.tanγ=6316​.

Thus,

tan⁡(α+β)tan⁡γ=1.\tan(\alpha+\beta)\tan\gamma=1.tan(α+β)tanγ=1.

Also, both angles are acute, so

α+β+γ=π2.\alpha+\beta+\gamma=\frac\pi2.α+β+γ=2π​.

(Indeed, if two acute angles have reciprocal tangents, they are complementary.)

  1. Therefore,
2π−(α+β+γ)=2π−π2=3π2.2\pi-(\alpha+\beta+\gamma)=2\pi-\frac\pi2=\frac{3\pi}{2}.2π−(α+β+γ)=2π−2π​=23π​.
  1. Comparing with the options, the correct choice is:
3π2\boxed{\frac{3\pi}{2}}23π​​

which is Option C.

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