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Differentiation question

2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 1 · Q31
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  5. /2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 1 · Q31

Differentiation question

2024 · 30 Jan · Shift 1 · Q31

JEE MainMathematicsDifferentiationMCQ+4 / −1
Let g:R→Rg: \mathbf{R} \rightarrow \mathbf{R}g:R→R be a non constant twice differentiable function such that g′(12)=g′(32)\mathrm{g}^{\prime}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)=\mathrm{g}^{\prime}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)g′(21​)=g′(23​). If a real valued function fff is defined as f(x)=12[g(x)+g(2−x)]f(x)=\frac{1}{2}[g(x)+g(2-x)]f(x)=21​[g(x)+g(2−x)], then
  1. A
    f′′(x)=0f^{\prime \prime}(x)=0f′′(x)=0 for atleast two xxx in (0,2)(0,2)(0,2)
  2. B
    f′(32)+f′(12)=1f^{\prime}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)+f^{\prime}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)=1f′(23​)+f′(21​)=1
  3. C
    f′′(x)=0f^{\prime \prime}(x)=0f′′(x)=0 for no xxx in (0,1)(0,1)(0,1)
  4. D
    f′′(x)=0f^{\prime \prime}(x)=0f′′(x)=0 for exactly one xxx in (0,1)(0,1)(0,1)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given function

We have f(x)=12 [g(x)+g(2−x)]f(x)=\frac{1}{2}\,[g(x)+g(2-x)]f(x)=21​[g(x)+g(2−x)] where ggg is twice differentiable and g′(12)=g′(32).g'\left(\frac12\right)=g'\left(\frac32\right).g′(21​)=g′(23​).

We need to analyze the options.


  1. Differentiate f(x)f(x)f(x)

Using chain rule, ddxg(2−x)=g′(2−x)⋅(−1).\frac{d}{dx}g(2-x)=g'(2-x)\cdot(-1).dxd​g(2−x)=g′(2−x)⋅(−1). So, f′(x)=12[g′(x)−g′(2−x)].f'(x)=\frac12\left[g'(x)-g'(2-x)\right].f′(x)=21​[g′(x)−g′(2−x)].

Differentiate again: ddx[−g′(2−x)]=−g′′(2−x)(−1)=g′′(2−x).\frac{d}{dx}[-g'(2-x)] = -g''(2-x)(-1)=g''(2-x).dxd​[−g′(2−x)]=−g′′(2−x)(−1)=g′′(2−x). Hence, f′′(x)=12[g′′(x)+g′′(2−x)].f''(x)=\frac12\left[g''(x)+g''(2-x)\right].f′′(x)=21​[g′′(x)+g′′(2−x)].


  1. Use the condition on g′g'g′

From g′(12)=g′(32),g'\left(\frac12\right)=g'\left(\frac32\right),g′(21​)=g′(23​), consider the function g′g'g′, which is differentiable on R\mathbb RR.

By Rolle's theorem applied to g′g'g′ on [12,32]\left[\frac12,\frac32\right][21​,23​], there exists some c∈(12,32)c\in\left(\frac12,\frac32\right)c∈(21​,23​) such that g′′(c)=0.g''(c)=0.g′′(c)=0.

Now observe symmetry in f′′f''f′′: f′′(x)=12[g′′(x)+g′′(2−x)].f''(x)=\frac12\left[g''(x)+g''(2-x)\right].f′′(x)=21​[g′′(x)+g′′(2−x)]. Also, f′′(2−x)=12[g′′(2−x)+g′′(x)]=f′′(x).f''(2-x)=\frac12\left[g''(2-x)+g''(x)\right]=f''(x).f′′(2−x)=21​[g′′(2−x)+g′′(x)]=f′′(x). So f′′f''f′′ is symmetric about x=1x=1x=1.


  1. A more useful relation from symmetry of f′f'f′

Since f′(x)=12[g′(x)−g′(2−x)],f'(x)=\frac12[g'(x)-g'(2-x)],f′(x)=21​[g′(x)−g′(2−x)], we get f′(1)=12[g′(1)−g′(1)]=0.f'(1)=\frac12[g'(1)-g'(1)]=0.f′(1)=21​[g′(1)−g′(1)]=0.

Also, f′(12)=12[g′(12)−g′(32)]=0f'\left(\frac12\right)=\frac12\left[g'\left(\frac12\right)-g'\left(\frac32\right)\right]=0f′(21​)=21​[g′(21​)−g′(23​)]=0 by the given condition.

Similarly, f′(32)=12[g′(32)−g′(12)]=0.f'\left(\frac32\right)=\frac12\left[g'\left(\frac32\right)-g'\left(\frac12\right)\right]=0.f′(23​)=21​[g′(23​)−g′(21​)]=0.

So f′f'f′ has equal values at three points: f′(12)=f′(1)=f′(32)=0.f'\left(\frac12\right)=f'(1)=f'\left(\frac32\right)=0.f′(21​)=f′(1)=f′(23​)=0.

Now apply Rolle's theorem to f′f'f′:

  • on (12,1)\left(\frac12,1\right)(21​,1), there exists c1∈(12,1)c_1\in\left(\frac12,1\right)c1​∈(21​,1) such that f′′(c1)=0;f''(c_1)=0;f′′(c1​)=0;
  • on (1,32)\left(1,\frac32\right)(1,23​), there exists c2∈(1,32)c_2\in\left(1,\frac32\right)c2​∈(1,23​) such that f′′(c2)=0.f''(c_2)=0.f′′(c2​)=0.

Thus there are at least two points in (0,2)(0,2)(0,2) where f′′(x)=0f''(x)=0f′′(x)=0.

Therefore, Option A is true.


  1. Check remaining options

Option B

We already found f′(12)=0,f′(32)=0.f'\left(\frac12\right)=0, \qquad f'\left(\frac32\right)=0.f′(21​)=0,f′(23​)=0. Therefore, f′(32)+f′(12)=0≠1.f'\left(\frac32\right)+f'\left(\frac12\right)=0 \ne 1.f′(23​)+f′(21​)=0=1. So B is false.

Option C

Option C says f′′(x)=0f''(x)=0f′′(x)=0 for no xxx in (0,1)(0,1)(0,1). But from Rolle's theorem on (12,1)\left(\frac12,1\right)(21​,1), there exists c1∈(12,1)⊂(0,1)c_1\in\left(\frac12,1\right)\subset(0,1)c1​∈(21​,1)⊂(0,1) with f′′(c1)=0f''(c_1)=0f′′(c1​)=0. So C is false.

Option D

Option D says exactly one xxx in (0,1)(0,1)(0,1) satisfies f′′(x)=0f''(x)=0f′′(x)=0. We can only guarantee at least one in (0,1)(0,1)(0,1), not exactly one. There may be more. So D is false.


  1. Final answer

The correct option is A.\boxed{A}.A​.

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