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Differentiation question

2022 · 27 Jun · Shift 1 · Q25
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  5. /2022 · 27 Jun · Shift 1 · Q25

Differentiation question

2022 · 27 Jun · Shift 1 · Q25

JEE MainMathematicsDifferentiationMCQ+4 / −1
If cos⁡−1(y2)=log⁡e(x5)5, ∣y∣<2{\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( {{y \over 2}} \right) = {\log _e}{\left( {{x \over 5}} \right)^5},\,|y| \lt 2cos−1(2y​)=loge​(5x​)5,∣y∣<2, then :
  1. A
    x2y′′+xy′−25y=0{x^2}y'' + xy' - 25y = 0x2y′′+xy′−25y=0
  2. B
    x2y′′−xy′−25y=0{x^2}y'' - xy' - 25y = 0x2y′′−xy′−25y=0
  3. C
    x2y′′−xy′+25y=0{x^2}y'' - xy' + 25y = 0x2y′′−xy′+25y=0
  4. D
    x2y′′+xy′+25y=0{x^2}y'' + xy' + 25y = 0x2y′′+xy′+25y=0
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Given relation

    cos⁡−1(y2)=log⁡e((x5)5)\cos^{-1}\left(\frac y2\right)=\log_e\left(\left(\frac x5\right)^5\right)cos−1(2y​)=loge​((5x​)5)

    Since log⁡e((x5)5)=5ln⁡(x5),\log_e\left(\left(\frac x5\right)^5\right)=5\ln\left(\frac x5\right),loge​((5x​)5)=5ln(5x​), let u=5ln⁡(x5).u=5\ln\left(\frac x5\right).u=5ln(5x​). Then cos⁡−1(y2)=u.\cos^{-1}\left(\frac y2\right)=u.cos−1(2y​)=u.

  2. Express yyy explicitly in terms of uuu

    Taking cosine on both sides, y2=cos⁡u\frac y2=\cos u2y​=cosu so y=2cos⁡u=2cos⁡(5ln⁡x5).y=2\cos u=2\cos\left(5\ln\frac x5\right).y=2cosu=2cos(5ln5x​).

  3. Differentiate once

    y=2cos⁡u,u=5ln⁡x5y=2\cos u,\qquad u=5\ln\frac x5y=2cosu,u=5ln5x​

    First, dudx=5⋅1x=5x.\frac{du}{dx}=5\cdot \frac1x=\frac5x.dxdu​=5⋅x1​=x5​.

    Therefore, y′=2(−sin⁡u)⋅dudxy' = 2(-\sin u)\cdot \frac{du}{dx}y′=2(−sinu)⋅dxdu​ y′=−2sin⁡u⋅5x=−10xsin⁡u.y'=-2\sin u\cdot \frac5x=-\frac{10}{x}\sin u.y′=−2sinu⋅x5​=−x10​sinu.

  4. Differentiate again

    y′=−10x−1sin⁡uy'=-10x^{-1}\sin uy′=−10x−1sinu

    Using product rule, y′′=−10[ddx(x−1)sin⁡u+x−1ddx(sin⁡u)].y''=-10\left[\frac{d}{dx}(x^{-1})\sin u+x^{-1}\frac{d}{dx}(\sin u)\right].y′′=−10[dxd​(x−1)sinu+x−1dxd​(sinu)].

    Now, ddx(x−1)=−x−2,\frac{d}{dx}(x^{-1})=-x^{-2},dxd​(x−1)=−x−2, and ddx(sin⁡u)=cos⁡u⋅dudx=cos⁡u⋅5x.\frac{d}{dx}(\sin u)=\cos u\cdot \frac{du}{dx}=\cos u\cdot \frac5x.dxd​(sinu)=cosu⋅dxdu​=cosu⋅x5​.

    Hence, y′′=−10[−1x2sin⁡u+1x⋅cos⁡u⋅5x]y''=-10\left[-\frac{1}{x^2}\sin u+\frac1x\cdot \cos u\cdot \frac5x\right]y′′=−10[−x21​sinu+x1​⋅cosu⋅x5​] y′′=10x2sin⁡u−50x2cos⁡u.y''=\frac{10}{x^2}\sin u-\frac{50}{x^2}\cos u.y′′=x210​sinu−x250​cosu.

  5. Form the required differential expression

    Multiply by x2x^2x2: x2y′′=10sin⁡u−50cos⁡u.x^2y''=10\sin u-50\cos u.x2y′′=10sinu−50cosu.

    Also, xy′=x(−10xsin⁡u)=−10sin⁡u.xy'=x\left(-\frac{10}{x}\sin u\right)=-10\sin u.xy′=x(−x10​sinu)=−10sinu.

    Adding, x2y′′+xy′=(10sin⁡u−50cos⁡u)+(−10sin⁡u)=−50cos⁡u.x^2y''+xy'=(10\sin u-50\cos u)+(-10\sin u)=-50\cos u.x2y′′+xy′=(10sinu−50cosu)+(−10sinu)=−50cosu.

    Since y=2cos⁡u,y=2\cos u,y=2cosu, we get −50cos⁡u=−25(2cos⁡u)=−25y.-50\cos u=-25(2\cos u)=-25y.−50cosu=−25(2cosu)=−25y.

    Therefore, x2y′′+xy′=−25yx^2y''+xy'=-25yx2y′′+xy′=−25y or x2y′′+xy′+25y=0.x^2y''+xy'+25y=0.x2y′′+xy′+25y=0.

  6. Match with the options

    This is exactly Option D.

Final Answer: D

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