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Differential Equations question

2025 · 28 Jan · Shift 1 · Q39
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  5. /2025 · 28 Jan · Shift 1 · Q39

Differential Equations question

2025 · 28 Jan · Shift 1 · Q39

JEE MainMathematicsDifferential EquationsMCQ+4 / −1
Let for some function y=f(x),∫0xtf(t)dt=x2f(x),x>0\mathrm{y}=f(x), \int_0^x t f(t) d t=x^2 f(x), x\gt 0y=f(x),∫0x​tf(t)dt=x2f(x),x>0 and f(2)=3f(2)=3f(2)=3. Then f(6)f(6)f(6) is equal to
  1. A
    1
  2. B
    6
  3. C
    2
  4. D
    3
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. We are given ∫0xtf(t) dt=x2f(x),x>0\int_0^x t f(t)\,dt = x^2 f(x), \quad x>0∫0x​tf(t)dt=x2f(x),x>0 and also f(2)=3.f(2)=3.f(2)=3. We need to find f(6)f(6)f(6).

  2. Differentiate both sides with respect to xxx.

Using the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus on the left: ddx(∫0xtf(t) dt)=xf(x).\frac{d}{dx}\left(\int_0^x t f(t)\,dt\right)=x f(x).dxd​(∫0x​tf(t)dt)=xf(x).

Using the product rule on the right: ddx(x2f(x))=2xf(x)+x2f′(x).\frac{d}{dx}\left(x^2 f(x)\right)=2x f(x)+x^2 f'(x).dxd​(x2f(x))=2xf(x)+x2f′(x).

So, xf(x)=2xf(x)+x2f′(x).x f(x)=2x f(x)+x^2 f'(x).xf(x)=2xf(x)+x2f′(x).

  1. Rearrange: 0=xf(x)+x2f′(x)0=x f(x)+x^2 f'(x)0=xf(x)+x2f′(x) x2f′(x)=−xf(x).x^2 f'(x)=-x f(x).x2f′(x)=−xf(x). Since x>0x>0x>0, divide by xxx: xf′(x)=−f(x).x f'(x)=-f(x).xf′(x)=−f(x).

Thus, f′(x)=−f(x)x.f'(x)=-\frac{f(x)}{x}.f′(x)=−xf(x)​. This is a separable differential equation.

  1. Solve the differential equation: f′(x)f(x)=−1x.\frac{f'(x)}{f(x)}=-\frac{1}{x}.f(x)f′(x)​=−x1​. Integrate: ∫f′(x)f(x) dx=∫−1x dx\int \frac{f'(x)}{f(x)}\,dx=\int -\frac{1}{x}\,dx∫f(x)f′(x)​dx=∫−x1​dx ln⁡∣f(x)∣=−ln⁡x+C.\ln |f(x)|=-\ln x + C.ln∣f(x)∣=−lnx+C. Hence, f(x)=Cxf(x)=\frac{C}{x}f(x)=xC​ for some constant CCC.

  2. Use the condition f(2)=3f(2)=3f(2)=3: 3=C2⇒C=6.3=\frac{C}{2} \Rightarrow C=6.3=2C​⇒C=6. So, f(x)=6x.f(x)=\frac{6}{x}.f(x)=x6​.

  3. Now compute f(6)f(6)f(6): f(6)=66=1.f(6)=\frac{6}{6}=1.f(6)=66​=1.

  4. Check with the integral equation: ∫0xtf(t) dt=∫0xt⋅6t dt=∫0x6 dt=6x,\int_0^x t f(t)\,dt=\int_0^x t\cdot \frac{6}{t}\,dt=\int_0^x 6\,dt=6x,∫0x​tf(t)dt=∫0x​t⋅t6​dt=∫0x​6dt=6x, and x2f(x)=x2⋅6x=6x.x^2 f(x)=x^2\cdot \frac{6}{x}=6x.x2f(x)=x2⋅x6​=6x. So the solution is consistent.

Therefore, f(6)=1.f(6)=1.f(6)=1. So the correct option is A.

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