- Evaluate the integral
We need to compute
I=∫0∞e3x+6e2x+11ex+66dx.
- Substitute t=ex
Since t=ex, we have
dt=exdx=tdx⟹dx=tdt.
Also, when x=0, t=1; and when x→∞, t→∞.
So,
I=∫1∞t3+6t2+11t+66⋅tdt
=∫1∞t(t3+6t2+11t+6)6dt.
Now factor the cubic:
t3+6t2+11t+6=(t+1)(t+2)(t+3).
Hence,
I=∫1∞t(t+1)(t+2)(t+3)6dt.
- Use partial fractions
Write
t(t+1)(t+2)(t+3)6=tA+t+1B+t+2C+t+3D.
Using standard cover-up values:
-
At t=0:
6=A(1)(2)(3)⟹A=1.
-
At t=−1:
6=B(−1)(1)(2)⟹B=−3.
-
At t=−2:
6=C(−2)(−1)(1)⟹C=3.
-
At t=−3:
6=D(−3)(−2)(−1)⟹D=−1.
Therefore,
t(t+1)(t+2)(t+3)6=t1−t+13+t+23−t+31.
- Integrate term by term
So,
I=∫1∞(t1−t+13+t+23−t+31)dt.
An antiderivative is
lnt−3ln(t+1)+3ln(t+2)−ln(t+3).
Thus,
I=[lnt−3ln(t+1)+3ln(t+2)−ln(t+3)]1∞.
- Evaluate the limit at infinity
Combine the logarithms:
ln((t+1)3(t+3)t(t+2)3).
As t→∞,
(t+1)3(t+3)t(t+2)3→1,
so the upper limit is
ln1=0.
- Evaluate at t=1
At t=1,
ln1−3ln2+3ln3−ln4
=−3ln2+3ln3−2ln2
=3ln3−5ln2.
Therefore,
I=0−(3ln3−5ln2)=5ln2−3ln3.
So,
I=ln(3325)=ln(2732).
- Match with the options
ln(2732)
corresponds to Option C.