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Definite Integration question

2023 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q35
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Definite Integration question

2023 · 8 Apr · Shift 2 · Q35

JEE MainMathematicsDefinite IntegrationNumerical+4 / −1
Let [t][t][t] denote the greatest integer function. If ∫02.4[x2]dx=α+β2+γ3+δ5\int_{0}^{2.4}\left[x^{2}\right] d x=\alpha+\beta \sqrt{2}+\gamma \sqrt{3}+\delta \sqrt{5}∫02.4​[x2]dx=α+β2​+γ3​+δ5​, then α+β+γ+δ\alpha+\beta+\gamma+\deltaα+β+γ+δ is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 6

We need to evaluate I=∫02.4[x2] dx,I=\int_0^{2.4}[x^2] \, dx,I=∫02.4​[x2]dx, where [t][t][t] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to ttt.

1. Break the interval according to values of [x2][x^2][x2]

The value of [x2][x^2][x2] changes whenever x2x^2x2 crosses an integer.

For 0≤x≤2.40\le x\le 2.40≤x≤2.4, we have 0≤x2≤(2.4)2=5.76.0\le x^2\le (2.4)^2=5.76.0≤x2≤(2.4)2=5.76. So possible values of [x2][x^2][x2] are 0,1,2,3,4,5.0,1,2,3,4,5.0,1,2,3,4,5.

Now:

  • [x2]=0[x^2]=0[x2]=0 when 0≤x2<1  ⟹  0≤x<10\le x^2<1 \implies 0\le x<10≤x2<1⟹0≤x<1
  • [x2]=1[x^2]=1[x2]=1 when 1≤x2<2  ⟹  1≤x<21\le x^2<2 \implies 1\le x<\sqrt21≤x2<2⟹1≤x<2​
  • [x2]=2[x^2]=2[x2]=2 when 2≤x2<3  ⟹  2≤x<32\le x^2<3 \implies \sqrt2\le x<\sqrt32≤x2<3⟹2​≤x<3​
  • [x2]=3[x^2]=3[x2]=3 when 3≤x2<4  ⟹  3≤x<23\le x^2<4 \implies \sqrt3\le x<23≤x2<4⟹3​≤x<2
  • [x2]=4[x^2]=4[x2]=4 when 4≤x2<5  ⟹  2≤x<54\le x^2<5 \implies 2\le x<\sqrt54≤x2<5⟹2≤x<5​
  • [x2]=5[x^2]=5[x2]=5 when 5≤x2<6  ⟹  5≤x≤2.45\le x^2<6 \implies \sqrt5\le x\le 2.45≤x2<6⟹5​≤x≤2.4

Thus, I=∫010 dx+∫121 dx+∫232 dx+∫323 dx+∫254 dx+∫52.45 dx.I=\int_0^1 0\,dx+\int_1^{\sqrt2}1\,dx+\int_{\sqrt2}^{\sqrt3}2\,dx+\int_{\sqrt3}^{2}3\,dx+\int_2^{\sqrt5}4\,dx+\int_{\sqrt5}^{2.4}5\,dx.I=∫01​0dx+∫12​​1dx+∫2​3​​2dx+∫3​2​3dx+∫25​​4dx+∫5​2.4​5dx.

2. Compute each part

∫010 dx=0\int_0^1 0\,dx=0∫01​0dx=0

∫121 dx=2−1\int_1^{\sqrt2}1\,dx=\sqrt2-1∫12​​1dx=2​−1

∫232 dx=2(3−2)\int_{\sqrt2}^{\sqrt3}2\,dx=2(\sqrt3-\sqrt2)∫2​3​​2dx=2(3​−2​)

∫323 dx=3(2−3)=6−33\int_{\sqrt3}^{2}3\,dx=3(2-\sqrt3)=6-3\sqrt3∫3​2​3dx=3(2−3​)=6−33​

∫254 dx=4(5−2)=45−8\int_2^{\sqrt5}4\,dx=4(\sqrt5-2)=4\sqrt5-8∫25​​4dx=4(5​−2)=45​−8

∫52.45 dx=5(2.4−5)=12−55\int_{\sqrt5}^{2.4}5\,dx=5(2.4-\sqrt5)=12-5\sqrt5∫5​2.4​5dx=5(2.4−5​)=12−55​

3. Add them

So, I=(2−1)+2(3−2)+(6−33)+(45−8)+(12−55).I=(\sqrt2-1)+2(\sqrt3-\sqrt2)+(6-3\sqrt3)+(4\sqrt5-8)+(12-5\sqrt5).I=(2​−1)+2(3​−2​)+(6−33​)+(45​−8)+(12−55​).

Expand: I=2−1+23−22+6−33+45−8+12−55.I=\sqrt2-1+2\sqrt3-2\sqrt2+6-3\sqrt3+4\sqrt5-8+12-5\sqrt5.I=2​−1+23​−22​+6−33​+45​−8+12−55​.

Combine like terms:

  • Constant terms: −1+6−8+12=9-1+6-8+12=9−1+6−8+12=9
  • 2\sqrt22​ terms: 2−22=−2\sqrt2-2\sqrt2=-\sqrt22​−22​=−2​
  • 3\sqrt33​ terms: 23−33=−32\sqrt3-3\sqrt3=-\sqrt323​−33​=−3​
  • 5\sqrt55​ terms: 45−55=−54\sqrt5-5\sqrt5=-\sqrt545​−55​=−5​

Hence, I=9−2−3−5.I=9-\sqrt2-\sqrt3-\sqrt5.I=9−2​−3​−5​.

So, α=9,β=−1,γ=−1,δ=−1.\alpha=9,\quad \beta=-1,\quad \gamma=-1,\quad \delta=-1.α=9,β=−1,γ=−1,δ=−1.

Therefore, α+β+γ+δ=9−1−1−1=6.\alpha+\beta+\gamma+\delta=9-1-1-1=6.α+β+γ+δ=9−1−1−1=6.

4. Comparison with stored answer

Derived answer = 666. Stored correct answer = 666. They match.

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