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Definite Integration question

2022 · 28 Jul · Shift 2 · Q39
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Definite Integration question

2022 · 28 Jul · Shift 2 · Q39

JEE MainMathematicsDefinite IntegrationNumerical+4 / −1
The value of the integral ∫0π260sin⁡(6x)sin⁡xdx\int\limits_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 60 \frac{\sin (6 x)}{\sin x} d x0∫2π​​60sinxsin(6x)​dx is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 104

  1. We need to evaluate I=∫0π/260 sin⁡(6x)sin⁡x dx.I=\int_0^{\pi/2}60\,\frac{\sin(6x)}{\sin x}\,dx.I=∫0π/2​60sinxsin(6x)​dx.

So, I=60∫0π/2sin⁡(6x)sin⁡x dx.I=60\int_0^{\pi/2}\frac{\sin(6x)}{\sin x}\,dx.I=60∫0π/2​sinxsin(6x)​dx.

  1. Use the standard identity sin⁡(nx)sin⁡x=2cos⁡x Un−1(cos⁡x),\frac{\sin(nx)}{\sin x}=2\cos x\,U_{n-1}(\cos x),sinxsin(nx)​=2cosxUn−1​(cosx), but for small nnn it is easier to expand directly. In particular, sin⁡(6x)sin⁡x=2cos⁡x+2cos⁡3x+2cos⁡5x.\frac{\sin(6x)}{\sin x}=2\cos x+2\cos 3x+2\cos 5x.sinxsin(6x)​=2cosx+2cos3x+2cos5x.

This follows from the known formula: sin⁡(2mx)sin⁡x=2∑k=1mcos⁡((2k−1)x).\frac{\sin(2mx)}{\sin x}=2\sum_{k=1}^{m}\cos((2k-1)x).sinxsin(2mx)​=2∑k=1m​cos((2k−1)x). For m=3m=3m=3, sin⁡(6x)sin⁡x=2(cos⁡x+cos⁡3x+cos⁡5x).\frac{\sin(6x)}{\sin x}=2(\cos x+\cos 3x+\cos 5x).sinxsin(6x)​=2(cosx+cos3x+cos5x).

  1. Substitute into the integral: I=60∫0π/22(cos⁡x+cos⁡3x+cos⁡5x) dxI=60\int_0^{\pi/2}2(\cos x+\cos 3x+\cos 5x)\,dxI=60∫0π/2​2(cosx+cos3x+cos5x)dx =120(∫0π/2cos⁡x dx+∫0π/2cos⁡3x dx+∫0π/2cos⁡5x dx).=120\left(\int_0^{\pi/2}\cos x\,dx+\int_0^{\pi/2}\cos 3x\,dx+\int_0^{\pi/2}\cos 5x\,dx\right).=120(∫0π/2​cosxdx+∫0π/2​cos3xdx+∫0π/2​cos5xdx).

  2. Evaluate each integral:

  • ∫0π/2cos⁡x dx=[sin⁡x]0π/2=1.\int_0^{\pi/2}\cos x\,dx=[\sin x]_0^{\pi/2}=1.∫0π/2​cosxdx=[sinx]0π/2​=1.

  • ∫0π/2cos⁡3x dx=[sin⁡3x3]0π/2=sin⁡(3π/2)3=−13.\int_0^{\pi/2}\cos 3x\,dx=\left[\frac{\sin 3x}{3}\right]_0^{\pi/2}=\frac{\sin(3\pi/2)}{3}=-\frac13.∫0π/2​cos3xdx=[3sin3x​]0π/2​=3sin(3π/2)​=−31​.

  • ∫0π/2cos⁡5x dx=[sin⁡5x5]0π/2=sin⁡(5π/2)5=15.\int_0^{\pi/2}\cos 5x\,dx=\left[\frac{\sin 5x}{5}\right]_0^{\pi/2}=\frac{\sin(5\pi/2)}{5}=\frac15.∫0π/2​cos5xdx=[5sin5x​]0π/2​=5sin(5π/2)​=51​.

So the sum is 1−13+15=15−5+315=1315.1-\frac13+\frac15=\frac{15-5+3}{15}=\frac{13}{15}.1−31​+51​=1515−5+3​=1513​.

  1. Therefore, I=120⋅1315=8⋅13=104.I=120\cdot\frac{13}{15}=8\cdot 13=104.I=120⋅1513​=8⋅13=104.

Hence, 104.\boxed{104}.104​.

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