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Definite Integration question

2010 · Shift 0 · Q34
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Definite Integration question

2010 · Shift 0 · Q34

JEE MainMathematicsDefinite IntegrationMCQ+4 / −1
Let p(x)p(x)p(x) be a function defined on RRR such that p′(x)=p′(1−x),p'(x)=p'(1-x),p′(x)=p′(1−x), for all x∈[0,1],p(0)=1x \in \left[ {0,1} \right],p\left( 0 \right) = 1x∈[0,1],p(0)=1 and p(1)=41.p(1)=41.p(1)=41. Then ∫01p(x)dx\int\limits_0^1 {p\left( x \right)dx}0∫1​p(x)dx equals :
  1. A
    212121
  2. B
    414141
  3. C
    424242
  4. D
    41\sqrt {41}41​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. We are given p′(x)=p′(1−x), ∀x∈[0,1],p'(x)=p'(1-x), \, \forall x\in[0,1],p′(x)=p′(1−x),∀x∈[0,1], with p(0)=1,p(1)=41.p(0)=1,\qquad p(1)=41.p(0)=1,p(1)=41.

  2. Define a new function q(x)=p(x)+p(1−x).q(x)=p(x)+p(1-x).q(x)=p(x)+p(1−x). Differentiate it: q′(x)=p′(x)−p′(1−x).q'(x)=p'(x)-p'(1-x).q′(x)=p′(x)−p′(1−x). Using the given condition p′(x)=p′(1−x)p'(x)=p'(1-x)p′(x)=p′(1−x), we get q′(x)=0.q'(x)=0.q′(x)=0. Hence q(x)q(x)q(x) is constant on [0,1][0,1][0,1].

  3. So, p(x)+p(1−x)=constant.p(x)+p(1-x)=\text{constant}.p(x)+p(1−x)=constant. Find the constant by putting x=0x=0x=0: p(0)+p(1)=1+41=42.p(0)+p(1)=1+41=42.p(0)+p(1)=1+41=42. Therefore, p(x)+p(1−x)=42∀x∈[0,1].p(x)+p(1-x)=42 \quad \forall x\in[0,1].p(x)+p(1−x)=42∀x∈[0,1].

  4. Now let I=∫01p(x) dx.I=\int_0^1 p(x)\,dx.I=∫01​p(x)dx. Using the substitution x↦1−xx\mapsto 1-xx↦1−x, ∫01p(1−x) dx=∫01p(x) dx=I.\int_0^1 p(1-x)\,dx=\int_0^1 p(x)\,dx=I.∫01​p(1−x)dx=∫01​p(x)dx=I.

  5. Add the two integrals: 2I=∫01(p(x)+p(1−x)) dx.2I=\int_0^1 \bigl(p(x)+p(1-x)\bigr)\,dx.2I=∫01​(p(x)+p(1−x))dx. Since p(x)+p(1−x)=42p(x)+p(1-x)=42p(x)+p(1−x)=42, 2I=∫0142 dx=42.2I=\int_0^1 42\,dx=42.2I=∫01​42dx=42. Thus, I=21.I=21.I=21.

  6. Therefore, ∫01p(x) dx=21.\int_0^1 p(x)\,dx=21.∫01​p(x)dx=21.

  7. Checking options:

    • A: 212121 ✅
    • B: 414141 ❌
    • C: 424242 ❌
    • D: 41\sqrt{41}41​ ❌

So the correct option is A.

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