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Complex Numbers question

2024 · 29 Jan · Shift 1 · Q58
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Complex Numbers question

2024 · 29 Jan · Shift 1 · Q58

JEE MainMathematicsComplex NumbersNumerical+4 / −1
Let α,β\alpha, \betaα,β be the roots of the equation x2−x+2=0x^2-x+2=0x2−x+2=0 with Im⁡(α)>Im⁡(β)\operatorname{Im}(\alpha)\gt \operatorname{Im}(\beta)Im(α)>Im(β). Then α6+α4+β4−5α2\alpha^6+\alpha^4+\beta^4-5 \alpha^2α6+α4+β4−5α2 is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 13

  1. Find the roots

Given x2−x+2=0.x^2-x+2=0.x2−x+2=0.

Using the quadratic formula, x=1±1−82=1±−72=1±i72.x=\frac{1\pm \sqrt{1-8}}{2}=\frac{1\pm \sqrt{-7}}{2}=\frac{1\pm i\sqrt7}{2}.x=21±1−8​​=21±−7​​=21±i7​​.

Since Im⁡(α)>Im⁡(β)\operatorname{Im}(\alpha)>\operatorname{Im}(\beta)Im(α)>Im(β), we take α=1+i72,β=1−i72.\alpha=\frac{1+i\sqrt7}{2},\qquad \beta=\frac{1-i\sqrt7}{2}.α=21+i7​​,β=21−i7​​.

  1. Use relations satisfied by the roots

Since α\alphaα and β\betaβ are roots of x2−x+2=0x^2-x+2=0x2−x+2=0, each root satisfies r2−r+2=0  ⟹  r2=r−2.r^2-r+2=0 \implies r^2=r-2.r2−r+2=0⟹r2=r−2.

So for r=αr=\alphar=α, α2=α−2.\alpha^2=\alpha-2.α2=α−2.

Also, since β\betaβ is the conjugate of α\alphaα, β4=α4‾.\beta^4=\overline{\alpha^4}.β4=α4. But an easier route is to express all powers using r2=r−2r^2=r-2r2=r−2.

  1. Compute powers of α\alphaα

From α2=α−2,\alpha^2=\alpha-2,α2=α−2, we get α4=(α2)2=(α−2)2=α2−4α+4.\alpha^4=(\alpha^2)^2=(\alpha-2)^2=\alpha^2-4\alpha+4.α4=(α2)2=(α−2)2=α2−4α+4. Now substitute α2=α−2\alpha^2=\alpha-2α2=α−2: α4=(α−2)−4α+4=−3α+2.\alpha^4=(\alpha-2)-4\alpha+4=-3\alpha+2.α4=(α−2)−4α+4=−3α+2.

Next, α6=α4α2=(−3α+2)(α−2).\alpha^6=\alpha^4\alpha^2=(-3\alpha+2)(\alpha-2).α6=α4α2=(−3α+2)(α−2). Expanding, α6=−3α2+8α−4.\alpha^6=-3\alpha^2+8\alpha-4.α6=−3α2+8α−4. Substitute α2=α−2\alpha^2=\alpha-2α2=α−2: α6=−3(α−2)+8α−4=5α+2.\alpha^6=-3(\alpha-2)+8\alpha-4=5\alpha+2.α6=−3(α−2)+8α−4=5α+2.

  1. Compute β4\beta^4β4

Similarly, β2=β−2,\beta^2=\beta-2,β2=β−2, so β4=(β−2)2=β2−4β+4=(β−2)−4β+4=−3β+2.\beta^4=(\beta-2)^2=\beta^2-4\beta+4=(\beta-2)-4\beta+4=-3\beta+2.β4=(β−2)2=β2−4β+4=(β−2)−4β+4=−3β+2.

  1. Evaluate the expression

We need E=α6+α4+β4−5α2.E=\alpha^6+\alpha^4+\beta^4-5\alpha^2.E=α6+α4+β4−5α2. Substitute the values found: E=(5α+2)+(−3α+2)+(−3β+2)−5(α−2).E=(5\alpha+2)+(-3\alpha+2)+(-3\beta+2)-5(\alpha-2).E=(5α+2)+(−3α+2)+(−3β+2)−5(α−2).

Now simplify: E=5α+2−3α+2−3β+2−5α+10E=5\alpha+2-3\alpha+2-3\beta+2-5\alpha+10E=5α+2−3α+2−3β+2−5α+10 E=(−3α−3β)+16.E=(-3\alpha-3\beta)+16.E=(−3α−3β)+16.

Since α+β=1,\alpha+\beta=1,α+β=1, we get E=−3(1)+16=13.E=-3(1)+16=13.E=−3(1)+16=13.

  1. Final answer

13\boxed{13}13​

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