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Complex Numbers question

2023 · 10 Apr · Shift 2 · Q21
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Complex Numbers question

2023 · 10 Apr · Shift 2 · Q21

JEE MainMathematicsComplex NumbersMCQ+4 / −1
Let S={z=x+iy:2z−3i4z+2i is a real number}S = \left\{ {z = x + iy:{{2z - 3i} \over {4z + 2i}}\,\mathrm{is\,a\,real\,number}} \right\}S={z=x+iy:4z+2i2z−3i​isarealnumber}. Then which of the following is NOT correct?
  1. A
    y+x2+y2e−14y + {x^2} + {y^2} e - {1 \over 4}y+x2+y2e−41​
  2. B
    (x,y)=(0,−12)(x,y) = \left( {0, - {1 \over 2}} \right)(x,y)=(0,−21​)
  3. C
    x=0x = 0x=0
  4. D
    y∈(−∞,−12)∪(−12,∞)y \in \left( { - \infty , - {1 \over 2}} \right) \cup \left( { - {1 \over 2},\infty } \right)y∈(−∞,−21​)∪(−21​,∞)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: B

  1. We need the set S={z=x+iy:2z−3i4z+2i is real}.S=\left\{z=x+iy:\frac{2z-3i}{4z+2i}\text{ is real}\right\}.S={z=x+iy:4z+2i2z−3i​ is real}.

A complex number of the form a+ibc+id\dfrac{a+ib}{c+id}c+ida+ib​ is real iff its imaginary part is zero, equivalently (a+ib)(c−id) has zero imaginary part.(a+ib)(c-id)\text{ has zero imaginary part}.(a+ib)(c−id) has zero imaginary part.

  1. Write numerator and denominator in terms of x,yx,yx,y: z=x+iyz=x+iyz=x+iy so 2z−3i=2x+i(2y−3),2z-3i=2x+i(2y-3),2z−3i=2x+i(2y−3), 4z+2i=4x+i(4y+2).4z+2i=4x+i(4y+2).4z+2i=4x+i(4y+2).

Thus 2z−3i4z+2i=2x+i(2y−3)4x+i(4y+2).\frac{2z-3i}{4z+2i}=\frac{2x+i(2y-3)}{4x+i(4y+2)}.4z+2i2z−3i​=4x+i(4y+2)2x+i(2y−3)​.

  1. For this quotient to be real, multiply numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator: 2x+i(2y−3)4x+i(4y+2)⋅4x−i(4y+2)4x−i(4y+2).\frac{2x+i(2y-3)}{4x+i(4y+2)}\cdot \frac{4x-i(4y+2)}{4x-i(4y+2)}.4x+i(4y+2)2x+i(2y−3)​⋅4x−i(4y+2)4x−i(4y+2)​.

The numerator becomes (2x+i(2y−3))(4x−i(4y+2)).(2x+i(2y-3))(4x-i(4y+2)).(2x+i(2y−3))(4x−i(4y+2)).

Its imaginary part must be zero.

Using (a+ib)(c−id)=(ac+bd)+i(bc−ad),(a+ib)(c-id)=(ac+bd)+i(bc-ad),(a+ib)(c−id)=(ac+bd)+i(bc−ad), with a=2x,b=2y−3,c=4x,d=4y+2,a=2x,\quad b=2y-3,\quad c=4x,\quad d=4y+2,a=2x,b=2y−3,c=4x,d=4y+2, we get imaginary part bc−ad=(2y−3)(4x)−(2x)(4y+2).bc-ad=(2y-3)(4x)-(2x)(4y+2).bc−ad=(2y−3)(4x)−(2x)(4y+2).

So, 4x(2y−3)−2x(4y+2)=0.4x(2y-3)-2x(4y+2)=0.4x(2y−3)−2x(4y+2)=0. Simplify: 8xy−12x−8xy−4x=08xy-12x-8xy-4x=08xy−12x−8xy−4x=0 −16x=0-16x=0−16x=0 x=0.x=0.x=0.

Also, denominator must be nonzero: 4z+2i≠0⇒4x+i(4y+2)≠0.4z+2i\neq 0 \Rightarrow 4x+i(4y+2)\neq 0.4z+2i=0⇒4x+i(4y+2)=0. If x=0x=0x=0, this gives 4y+2≠0⇒y≠−12.4y+2\neq 0 \Rightarrow y\neq -\frac12.4y+2=0⇒y=−21​.

Hence S={(x,y):x=0, y≠−12}.S=\left\{(x,y):x=0,\ y\neq -\frac12\right\}.S={(x,y):x=0, y=−21​}. That is the yyy-axis excluding the point (0,−12)\left(0,-\frac12\right)(0,−21​).

  1. Now check the options.
  • B: (x,y)=(0,−12)(x,y)=\left(0,-\frac12\right)(x,y)=(0,−21​) This point is excluded because denominator becomes zero. So this is not correct.

  • C: x=0x=0x=0 This is true for all points in SSS. So correct.

  • D: y∈(−∞,−12)∪(−12,∞)y\in(-\infty,-\tfrac12)\cup(-\tfrac12,\infty)y∈(−∞,−21​)∪(−21​,∞) i.e. y≠−12y\neq -\tfrac12y=−21​. This is correct.

  • A: The printed option appears malformed as y+x2+y2e−14y+\frac{x^2+y^2}{e}-\frac14y+ex2+y2​−41​ or possibly intended as an equation involving x2+y2x^2+y^2x2+y2. From the derived locus, the valid description is simply x=0,y≠−12x=0, y\neq -\frac12x=0,y=−21​, so A does not match any standard equivalent form unless there is a typographical issue in the statement. However among the cleanly interpretable options, the excluded point in B is certainly the one that is not correct as a description/member of SSS.

  1. Therefore the option which is NOT correct is B.\boxed{B}.B​.
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