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Complex Numbers question

2019 · 9 Apr · Shift 2 · Q24
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Complex Numbers question

2019 · 9 Apr · Shift 2 · Q24

JEE MainMathematicsComplex NumbersMCQ+4 / −1
Let z ∈\in∈ C be such that |z| < 1. If ω=5+3z5(1−z)\omega = {{5 + 3z} \over {5(1 - z)}}ω=5(1−z)5+3z​ z, then :
  1. A
    4Im( ω\omegaω) > 5
  2. B
    5Im( ω\omegaω) < 1
  3. C
    5Re( ω\omegaω) > 4
  4. D
    5Re( ω\omegaω) > 1
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: NO OPTION IS CORRECT

  1. Interpret the expression

We are given

\qquad \omega=\frac{5+3z}{5(1-z)}\,z.$$ So $$\omega=\frac{z(5+3z)}{5(1-z)}.$$ We need to determine which inequality must be true. --- 2. **Rewrite in a more useful form** Let $$w=\frac{z}{1-z}.$$ Then $$z=\frac{w}{1+w}.$$ But instead of substituting back fully, observe directly: $$\omega=\frac{z(5+3z)}{5(1-z)}=\frac{z}{1-z}\cdot \frac{5+3z}{5}=w\cdot \frac{5+3z}{5}.$$ A cleaner way is to express everything in terms of $w$ using $$z=\frac{w}{1+w}, \qquad 1-z=\frac{1}{1+w}.$$ Then $$\omega=\frac{z(5+3z)}{5(1-z)} =\frac{\frac{w}{1+w}\left(5+3\frac{w}{1+w}\right)}{5\cdot \frac{1}{1+w}}.

This simplifies to

=w(5+8w)5(1+w).=\frac{w(5+8w)}{5(1+w)}.=5(1+w)w(5+8w)​.

But an even better simplification comes from polynomial division in the original form:

5ω=5z+3z21−z.5\omega=\frac{5z+3z^2}{1-z}.5ω=1−z5z+3z2​. Now divide: 5z+3z21−z=−3z−8+81−z.\frac{5z+3z^2}{1-z}=-3z-8+\frac{8}{1-z}.1−z5z+3z2​=−3z−8+1−z8​. Hence

This is still not ideal.


  1. Use the standard disk-to-half-plane transformation

For ∣z∣<1|z|<1∣z∣<1, the quantity u=1+z1−zu=\frac{1+z}{1-z}u=1−z1+z​ satisfies ℜ(u)>0.\Re(u)>0.ℜ(u)>0. This is a standard result because the map 1+z1−z\dfrac{1+z}{1-z}1−z1+z​ sends the unit disk to the right half-plane.

Now express ω\omegaω in terms of uuu.

From u=1+z1−z,u=\frac{1+z}{1-z},u=1−z1+z​, we get z=u−1u+1.z=\frac{u-1}{u+1}.z=u+1u−1​. Substitute into ω=z(5+3z)5(1−z).\omega=\frac{z(5+3z)}{5(1-z)}.ω=5(1−z)z(5+3z)​.

First, 1−z=1−u−1u+1=2u+1.1-z=1-\frac{u-1}{u+1}=\frac{2}{u+1}.1−z=1−u+1u−1​=u+12​. Also,

=\frac{5(u+1)+3(u-1)}{u+1} =\frac{8u+2}{u+1}=\frac{2(4u+1)}{u+1}.$$ Therefore $$\omega=\frac{\frac{u-1}{u+1}\cdot \frac{2(4u+1)}{u+1}}{5\cdot \frac{2}{u+1}} =\frac{(u-1)(4u+1)}{5(u+1)}.$$ Expand numerator: $$ (u-1)(4u+1)=4u^2-3u-1.$$ Now divide by $u+1$: $$4u^2-3u-1=(u+1)(4u-7)+6.$$ So $$\omega=\frac{4u-7}{5}+\frac{6}{5(u+1)}.$$ This is still somewhat messy, but enough for checking real parts. --- 4. **A much simpler substitution** Let $$t=\frac{z}{1-z}.$$ Then since $$z=\frac{t}{1+t},$$ we have $$|z|<1 \iff \left|\frac{t}{1+t}\right|<1.

Squaring modulus: ∣t∣2<∣1+t∣2=1+∣t∣2+2ℜ(t),|t|^2<|1+t|^2=1+|t|^2+2\Re(t),∣t∣2<∣1+t∣2=1+∣t∣2+2ℜ(t), which gives ℜ(t)>−12.\Re(t)>-\frac12.ℜ(t)>−21​.

Now express ω\omegaω in terms of ttt. Since z=t1+t,z=\frac{t}{1+t},z=1+tt​, we get 5+3z=5+3t1+t=5+8t1+t.5+3z=5+\frac{3t}{1+t}=\frac{5+8t}{1+t}.5+3z=5+1+t3t​=1+t5+8t​. Thus

So

Now divide:

Hence

Let t=x+iy,x>−12.t=x+iy, \qquad x> -\frac12.t=x+iy,x>−21​. Then

(31+t)=3(1+x)(1+x)2+y2.\left(\frac{3}{1+t}\right)=\frac{3(1+x)}{(1+x)^2+y^2}.(1+t3​)=(1+x)2+y23(1+x)​.

Therefore

This expression is not immediately constant, so let us test the options directly by examples and by identifying what is always true.


  1. Test options by choosing valid values of zzz

Since ∣z∣<1|z|<1∣z∣<1, any small real zzz is allowed.

Check option C: 5ℜ(ω)>45\Re(\omega)>45ℜ(ω)>4

Take z=0z=0z=0. Then ω=0,\omega=0,ω=0, so 5ℜ(ω)=0,5\Re(\omega)=0,5ℜ(ω)=0, which is not greater than 444. So C is false.

Check option D: 5ℜ(ω)>15\Re(\omega)>15ℜ(ω)>1

Again take z=0z=0z=0. Then 5ℜ(ω)=0,5\Re(\omega)=0,5ℜ(ω)=0, which is not greater than 111. So D is false.

Thus the stored answer cannot be correct.

Check option A: 4ℑ(ω)>54\Im(\omega)>54ℑ(ω)>5

Take z=0z=0z=0 again. Then ℑ(ω)=0,\Im(\omega)=0,ℑ(ω)=0, so 4ℑ(ω)=0,4\Im(\omega)=0,4ℑ(ω)=0, not greater than 555. So A is false.

Check option B: 5ℑ(ω)<15\Im(\omega)<15ℑ(ω)<1

We must see whether this is always true.

Take a valid point, say z=0.9iz=0.9iz=0.9i (note ∣z∣=0.9<1|z|=0.9<1∣z∣=0.9<1). Then ω=0.9i(5+2.7i)5(1−0.9i).\omega=\frac{0.9i(5+2.7i)}{5(1-0.9i)}.ω=5(1−0.9i)0.9i(5+2.7i)​. Numerically this gives an imaginary part around 0.690.690.69, so 5ℑ(ω)≈3.45>1.5\Im(\omega)\approx 3.45>1.5ℑ(ω)≈3.45>1. Hence B is also false.

So none of the four options is universally true.


  1. Conclusion

Using the simplest counterexample z=0z=0z=0: ω=0.\omega=0.ω=0. Then

  • 4ℑ(ω)=04\Im(\omega)=04ℑ(ω)=0, so A is false.
  • 5ℑ(ω)=0<15\Im(\omega)=0<15ℑ(ω)=0<1, so B is true for this one value, but not universally.
  • 5ℜ(ω)=05\Re(\omega)=05ℜ(ω)=0, so C is false.
  • 5ℜ(ω)=05\Re(\omega)=05ℜ(ω)=0, so D is false.

And since option B also fails for some other valid zzz (e.g. z=0.9iz=0.9iz=0.9i), no option is correct.

Therefore the stored answer DDD is incorrect.

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