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Application of Derivatives question

2021 · 22 Jul · Shift 2 · Q25
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  5. /2021 · 22 Jul · Shift 2 · Q25

Application of Derivatives question

2021 · 22 Jul · Shift 2 · Q25

JEE MainMathematicsApplication of DerivativesMCQ+4 / −1
Let f : R →\to→ R be defined as f(x)={−43x3+2x2+3x,x>03xex,x≤0f(x) = \left\{ {\begin{matrix} { - {4 \over 3}{x^3} + 2{x^2} + 3x,} & {x \gt 0} \\ {3x{e^x},} & {x \le 0} \\ \end{matrix} } \right.f(x)={−34​x3+2x2+3x,3xex,​x>0x≤0​. Then f is increasing function in the interval
  1. A
    (−12,2)\left( { - {1 \over 2},2} \right)(−21​,2)
  2. B
    (0,2)
  3. C
    (−1,32)\left( { - 1,{3 \over 2}} \right)(−1,23​)
  4. D
    (−-− 3, −-− 1)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Given function
f(x)={−43x3+2x2+3x,x>03xex,x≤0f(x)= \begin{cases} -\dfrac{4}{3}x^3+2x^2+3x, & x>0 \\ 3xe^x, & x\le 0 \end{cases}f(x)=⎩⎨⎧​−34​x3+2x2+3x,3xex,​x>0x≤0​

We need the interval on which fff is increasing.


  1. Find derivative in each region

For x>0x>0x>0

f′(x)=ddx(−43x3+2x2+3x)f'(x)=\frac{d}{dx}\left(-\frac{4}{3}x^3+2x^2+3x\right)f′(x)=dxd​(−34​x3+2x2+3x) f′(x)=−4x2+4x+3f'(x)=-4x^2+4x+3f′(x)=−4x2+4x+3

Factorizing:

−4x2+4x+3=−(4x2−4x−3)=−(2x−3)(2x+1)-4x^2+4x+3=-(4x^2-4x-3)=-(2x-3)(2x+1)−4x2+4x+3=−(4x2−4x−3)=−(2x−3)(2x+1)

So for x>0x>0x>0,

f′(x)>0  ⟺  −4x2+4x+3>0f'(x)>0 \iff -4x^2+4x+3>0f′(x)>0⟺−4x2+4x+3>0

This quadratic is positive between its roots:

2x−3=0⇒x=32,2x+1=0⇒x=−122x-3=0 \Rightarrow x=\frac32, \qquad 2x+1=0 \Rightarrow x=-\frac122x−3=0⇒x=23​,2x+1=0⇒x=−21​

Hence,

f′(x)>0 for −12<x<32f'(x)>0 \text{ for } -\frac12<x<\frac32f′(x)>0 for −21​<x<23​

But here we only consider x>0x>0x>0, so

f′(x)>0 for 0<x<32f'(x)>0 \text{ for } 0<x<\frac32f′(x)>0 for 0<x<23​

Thus fff is increasing on

(0,32)(0,\tfrac32)(0,23​)

in the positive region.


For x≤0x\le 0x≤0

f′(x)=ddx(3xex)f'(x)=\frac{d}{dx}(3xe^x)f′(x)=dxd​(3xex)

Using product rule:

f′(x)=3(ex+xex)=3ex(1+x)f'(x)=3(e^x+xe^x)=3e^x(1+x)f′(x)=3(ex+xex)=3ex(1+x)

Since ex>0e^x>0ex>0 for all xxx,

f′(x)>0  ⟺  1+x>0  ⟺  x>−1f'(x)>0 \iff 1+x>0 \iff x>-1f′(x)>0⟺1+x>0⟺x>−1

But here x≤0x\le 0x≤0, so

f′(x)>0 for −1<x≤0f'(x)>0 \text{ for } -1<x\le 0f′(x)>0 for −1<x≤0

Thus fff is increasing on

(−1,0](-1,0](−1,0]

in the non-positive region.


  1. Combine the intervals

From above:

  • increasing on (−1,0](-1,0](−1,0]
  • increasing on (0,32)(0,\tfrac32)(0,23​)

So overall, the function is increasing on

(−1,32)(-1,\tfrac32)(−1,23​)

(Indeed, at x=0x=0x=0, both pieces join continuously since f(0)=0f(0)=0f(0)=0, and the increasing nature continues across 000.)


  1. Check options
  • A: (−12,2)\left(-\frac12,2\right)(−21​,2) is not correct because for x>32x>\frac32x>23​, f′(x)<0f'(x)<0f′(x)<0.
  • B: (0,2)(0,2)(0,2) is not correct because again for x>32x>\frac32x>23​, f′(x)<0f'(x)<0f′(x)<0.
  • C: (−1,32)\left(-1,\frac32\right)(−1,23​) is correct.
  • D: (−3,−1)(-3,-1)(−3,−1) is not correct because for x<−1x<-1x<−1, f′(x)<0f'(x)<0f′(x)<0.

  1. Final answer

The correct option is

C (−1,32)\boxed{\text{C }\left(-1,\frac32\right)}C (−1,23​)​
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