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Application of Derivatives question

2021 · 26 Aug · Shift 1 · Q37
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  5. /2021 · 26 Aug · Shift 1 · Q37

Application of Derivatives question

2021 · 26 Aug · Shift 1 · Q37

JEE MainMathematicsApplication of DerivativesNumerical+4 / −1
A wire of length 36 m is cut into two pieces, one of the pieces is bent to form a square and the other is bent to form a circle. If the sum of the areas of the two figures is minimum, and the circumference of the circle is k (meter), then (4π+1)k\left( {{4 \over \pi } + 1} \right)k(π4​+1)k is equal to ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 36

  1. Let the circle use length kkk meters.

    Then the remaining wire used for the square is: 36−k36-k36−k

  2. Area of the circle in terms of kkk

    Since circumference of the circle is kkk, 2πr=k  ⟹  r=k2π2\pi r = k \implies r = \frac{k}{2\pi}2πr=k⟹r=2πk​

    So its area is: Ac=πr2=π(k2π)2=k24πA_c = \pi r^2 = \pi\left(\frac{k}{2\pi}\right)^2 = \frac{k^2}{4\pi}Ac​=πr2=π(2πk​)2=4πk2​

  3. Area of the square in terms of kkk

    The perimeter of the square is 36−k36-k36−k, so side length is: s=36−k4s = \frac{36-k}{4}s=436−k​

    Therefore area of the square is: As=s2=(36−k4)2=(36−k)216A_s = s^2 = \left(\frac{36-k}{4}\right)^2 = \frac{(36-k)^2}{16}As​=s2=(436−k​)2=16(36−k)2​

  4. Total area

    A(k)=k24π+(36−k)216A(k) = \frac{k^2}{4\pi} + \frac{(36-k)^2}{16}A(k)=4πk2​+16(36−k)2​

  5. Minimize A(k)A(k)A(k)

    Differentiate with respect to kkk: A′(k)=k2π−36−k8A'(k) = \frac{k}{2\pi} - \frac{36-k}{8}A′(k)=2πk​−836−k​

    For minimum, A′(k)=0A'(k)=0A′(k)=0

    So, k2π=36−k8\frac{k}{2\pi} = \frac{36-k}{8}2πk​=836−k​

    Multiply by 8π8\pi8π: 4k=π(36−k)4k = \pi(36-k)4k=π(36−k)

    4k=36π−πk4k = 36\pi - \pi k4k=36π−πk

    k(4+π)=36πk(4+\pi)=36\pik(4+π)=36π

    k=36π4+πk = \frac{36\pi}{4+\pi}k=4+π36π​

  6. Compute the required value

    We need: (4π+1)k=4+ππ⋅k\left(\frac{4}{\pi}+1\right)k = \frac{4+\pi}{\pi}\cdot k(π4​+1)k=π4+π​⋅k

    Substitute kkk: 4+ππ⋅36π4+π=36\frac{4+\pi}{\pi}\cdot \frac{36\pi}{4+\pi} = 36π4+π​⋅4+π36π​=36

  7. Check minimum condition

    A′′(k)=12π+18>0A''(k)=\frac{1}{2\pi}+\frac{1}{8}>0A′′(k)=2π1​+81​>0 Hence the value indeed gives a minimum.

Therefore, the required integer is: 36\boxed{36}36​

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