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3D Geometry question

2021 · 27 Aug · Shift 2 · Q23
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3D Geometry question

2021 · 27 Aug · Shift 2 · Q23

JEE MainMathematics3D GeometryMCQ+4 / −1
The angle between the straight lines, whose direction cosines are given by the equations 2l + 2m −-− n = 0 and mn + nl + lm = 0, is :
  1. A
    π2{\pi \over 2}2π​
  2. B
    π−cos⁡−1(49)\pi - {\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( {{4 \over 9}} \right)π−cos−1(94​)
  3. C
    cos⁡−1(89){\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( {{8 \over 9}} \right)cos−1(98​)
  4. D
    π3{\pi \over 3}3π​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Let the direction cosines be l,m,nl,m,nl,m,n.

    They satisfy: 2l+2m−n=02l+2m-n=02l+2m−n=0 mn+nl+lm=0mn+nl+lm=0mn+nl+lm=0 and since they are direction cosines, l2+m2+n2=1l^2+m^2+n^2=1l2+m2+n2=1

  2. Use the linear relation to express nnn: n=2l+2mn=2l+2mn=2l+2m

  3. Substitute into mn+nl+lm=0mn+nl+lm=0mn+nl+lm=0: m(2l+2m)+l(2l+2m)+lm=0m(2l+2m)+l(2l+2m)+lm=0m(2l+2m)+l(2l+2m)+lm=0 Expanding, 2lm+2m2+2l2+2lm+lm=02lm+2m^2+2l^2+2lm+lm=02lm+2m2+2l2+2lm+lm=0 2l2+5lm+2m2=02l^2+5lm+2m^2=02l2+5lm+2m2=0

  4. Solve for the ratio lm\dfrac{l}{m}ml​.

    Let x=lmx=\dfrac{l}{m}x=ml​. Then 2x2+5x+2=02x^2+5x+2=02x2+5x+2=0 (2x+1)(x+2)=0(2x+1)(x+2)=0(2x+1)(x+2)=0 So, x=−12orx=−2x=-\frac12 \quad \text{or} \quad x=-2x=−21​orx=−2

    Hence the two possible directions are obtained from:

    • l:m=−1:2l:m=-1:2l:m=−1:2
    • l:m=−2:1l:m=-2:1l:m=−2:1
  5. Find corresponding nnn using n=2l+2mn=2l+2mn=2l+2m.

    • If l:m=−1:2l:m=-1:2l:m=−1:2, then n=2(−1)+2(2)=2n=2(-1)+2(2)=2n=2(−1)+2(2)=2 so direction ratios are proportional to (−1,2,2)(-1,2,2)(−1,2,2)

    • If l:m=−2:1l:m=-2:1l:m=−2:1, then n=2(−2)+2(1)=−2n=2(-2)+2(1)=-2n=2(−2)+2(1)=−2 so direction ratios are proportional to (−2,1,−2)(-2,1,-2)(−2,1,−2)

  6. Find the angle between the two lines.

    If the direction ratios are a⃗=(−1,2,2),b⃗=(−2,1,−2),\vec a=(-1,2,2), \quad \vec b=(-2,1,-2),a=(−1,2,2),b=(−2,1,−2), then a⃗⋅b⃗=(−1)(−2)+(2)(1)+(2)(−2)=2+2−4=0\vec a\cdot \vec b = (-1)(-2)+(2)(1)+(2)(-2)=2+2-4=0a⋅b=(−1)(−2)+(2)(1)+(2)(−2)=2+2−4=0

    Therefore, cos⁡θ=0  ⟹  θ=π2\cos\theta=0 \implies \theta=\frac{\pi}{2}cosθ=0⟹θ=2π​

  7. Check options:

    • A: π2\dfrac{\pi}{2}2π​ ✅
    • B, C, D are incorrect.

Therefore, the angle between the lines is π2\boxed{\frac{\pi}{2}}2π​​

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