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Structure of Atom question

2022 · 25 Jun · Shift 1 · Q16
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Structure of Atom question

2022 · 25 Jun · Shift 1 · Q16

JEE MainChemistryStructure of AtomNumerical+4 / −1
The longest wavelength of light that can be used for the ionisation of lithium atom (Li) in its ground state is x ×\times× 10 −-− 8 m. The value of x is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. (Nearest Integer). (Given : Energy of the electron in the first shell of the hydrogen atom is −-− 2.2 ×\times× 10 −-− 18 J ; h = 6.63 ×\times× 10 −-− 34 Js and c = 3 ×\times× 108 ms −-− 1)
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 4

  1. Ionisation energy of hydrogen in ground state

Given energy of electron in first shell of H atom: E1(H)=−2.2×10−18 JE_1(\text{H})=-2.2\times10^{-18}\,\text{J}E1​(H)=−2.2×10−18J

So, ionisation energy of H from ground state is: IH=+2.2×10−18 JI_H=+2.2\times10^{-18}\,\text{J}IH​=+2.2×10−18J

  1. Ionisation energy of lithium atom

Lithium has configuration 1s2 2s11s^2\,2s^11s22s1. The electron removed during first ionisation is the outermost 2s2s2s electron.

Using Bohr-like approximation for hydrogen-like outer electron: En=−2.2×10−18Z2n2E_n=-\frac{2.2\times10^{-18} Z^2}{n^2}En​=−n22.2×10−18Z2​

For Li, outer electron is in second shell, so take Z=3Z=3Z=3 and n=2n=2n=2: E=−2.2×10−18×3222E=-2.2\times10^{-18}\times\frac{3^2}{2^2}E=−2.2×10−18×2232​ E=−2.2×10−18×94E=-2.2\times10^{-18}\times\frac{9}{4}E=−2.2×10−18×49​ E=−4.95×10−18 JE=-4.95\times10^{-18}\,\text{J}E=−4.95×10−18J

Hence ionisation energy required is: ILi=4.95×10−18 JI_{\text{Li}}=4.95\times10^{-18}\,\text{J}ILi​=4.95×10−18J

  1. Longest wavelength for ionisation

For threshold ionisation, hcλ=ILi\frac{hc}{\lambda}=I_{\text{Li}}λhc​=ILi​

So, λ=hcILi\lambda=\frac{hc}{I_{\text{Li}}}λ=ILi​hc​

Substitute values: λ=(6.63×10−34)(3×108)4.95×10−18\lambda=\frac{(6.63\times10^{-34})(3\times10^8)}{4.95\times10^{-18}}λ=4.95×10−18(6.63×10−34)(3×108)​

λ=19.89×10−264.95×10−18\lambda=\frac{19.89\times10^{-26}}{4.95\times10^{-18}}λ=4.95×10−1819.89×10−26​

λ≈4.02×10−8 m\lambda\approx4.02\times10^{-8}\,\text{m}λ≈4.02×10−8m

Thus, λ=x×10−8 m\lambda=x\times10^{-8}\,\text{m}λ=x×10−8m so x≈4.02x\approx4.02x≈4.02

Nearest integer: 4\boxed{4}4​

  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer = 444.

Our derived answer also = 444.

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