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Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry question

2022 · 24 Jun · Shift 2 · Q1
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Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry question

2022 · 24 Jun · Shift 2 · Q1

JEE MainChemistrySome Basic Concepts of ChemistryMCQ+4 / −1
120 g of an organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen gives 330 g of CO2CO_2CO2​ and 270 g of water on complete combustion. The percentage of carbon and hydrogen, respectively are
  1. A
    25 and 75
  2. B
    40 and 60
  3. C
    60 and 40
  4. D
    75 and 25
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Find mass of carbon from CO2CO_2CO2​

On complete combustion, all carbon in the compound becomes CO2CO_2CO2​.

Given: 330 g of CO2330\text{ g of }CO_2330 g of CO2​

Molar mass of CO2=44CO_2 = 44CO2​=44 g/mol, and each 44 g of CO2CO_2CO2​ contains 12 g of carbon.

So, mass of carbon is: Mass of C=330×1244=330×311=90 g\text{Mass of C} = 330\times \frac{12}{44} = 330\times \frac{3}{11} = 90\text{ g}Mass of C=330×4412​=330×113​=90 g

  1. Find mass of hydrogen from H2OH_2OH2​O

All hydrogen in the compound becomes water.

Given: 270 g of H2O270\text{ g of }H_2O270 g of H2​O

Molar mass of H2O=18H_2O = 18H2​O=18 g/mol, and each 18 g of H2OH_2OH2​O contains 2 g of hydrogen.

So, mass of hydrogen is: Mass of H=270×218=270×19=30 g\text{Mass of H} = 270\times \frac{2}{18} = 270\times \frac{1}{9} = 30\text{ g}Mass of H=270×182​=270×91​=30 g

  1. Check total mass

90+30=120 g90 + 30 = 120\text{ g}90+30=120 g

This matches the given mass of the compound, so the calculation is consistent.

  1. Calculate percentage composition

Percentage of carbon: %C=90120×100=75%\%C = \frac{90}{120}\times 100 = 75\%%C=12090​×100=75%

Percentage of hydrogen: %H=30120×100=25%\%H = \frac{30}{120}\times 100 = 25\%%H=12030​×100=25%

  1. Match with options

The percentages of carbon and hydrogen respectively are: 75% and 25%75\% \text{ and } 25\%75% and 25%

So the correct option is D.

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