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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2022 · 27 Jul · Shift 1 · Q6
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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2022 · 27 Jul · Shift 1 · Q6

JEE MainChemistryPeriodic Table and PeriodicityMCQ+4 / −1
The incorrect statement is
  1. A
    The first ionization enthalpy of K is less than that of Na and Li.
  2. B
    Xe does not have the lowest first ionization enthalpy in its group.
  3. C
    The first ionization enthalpy of element with atomic number 37 is lower than that of the element with atomic number 38.
  4. D
    The first ionization enthalpy of Ga is higher than that of the d-block element with atomic number 30.
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Recall the trend of first ionization enthalpy

    First ionization enthalpy generally:

    • increases across a period from left to right,
    • decreases down a group.

    There are some exceptions due to electronic configuration, shielding, and poor shielding by ddd-electrons.


  1. Check option A

    Option A: The first ionization enthalpy of K is less than that of Na and Li.

    Alkali metals are: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs\text{Li},\ \text{Na},\ \text{K},\ \text{Rb},\ \text{Cs}Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs

    Down the group, ionization enthalpy decreases: Li>Na>K\text{Li} > \text{Na} > \text{K}Li>Na>K

    Hence, IE1(K)<IE1(Na) and IE1(Li)IE_1(\text{K}) < IE_1(\text{Na}) \text{ and } IE_1(\text{Li})IE1​(K)<IE1​(Na) and IE1​(Li)

    So A is correct.


  1. Check option B

    Option B: Xe does not have the lowest first ionization enthalpy in its group.

    Group 18 elements are: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn\text{He},\ \text{Ne},\ \text{Ar},\ \text{Kr},\ \text{Xe},\ \text{Rn}He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn

    Ionization enthalpy decreases down the group, so among these, Rn has lower first ionization enthalpy than Xe.

    Therefore Xe indeed does not have the lowest value in its group.

    So B is correct.


  1. Check option C

    Option C: The first ionization enthalpy of element with atomic number 37 is lower than that of the element with atomic number 38.

    Atomic numbers:

    • 37=Rb37 = \text{Rb}37=Rb
    • 38=Sr38 = \text{Sr}38=Sr

    In period 5, ionization enthalpy generally increases from left to right. Since Rb is an alkali metal and Sr is an alkaline earth metal: IE1(Rb)<IE1(Sr)IE_1(\text{Rb}) < IE_1(\text{Sr})IE1​(Rb)<IE1​(Sr)

    So C is correct.


  1. Check option D

    Option D: The first ionization enthalpy of Ga is higher than that of the d-block element with atomic number 30.

    Here:

    • Ga\text{Ga}Ga has atomic number 313131
    • d-block element with atomic number 303030 is Zn\text{Zn}Zn

    Compare configurations: Zn:[Ar]3d104s2\text{Zn}: [Ar]3d^{10}4s^2Zn:[Ar]3d104s2 Ga:[Ar]3d104s24p1\text{Ga}: [Ar]3d^{10}4s^24p^1Ga:[Ar]3d104s24p1

    The electron removed from Ga is a 4p4p4p electron, which is easier to remove than the 4s4s4s electron of Zn. Hence, IE1(Ga)<IE1(Zn)IE_1(\text{Ga}) < IE_1(\text{Zn})IE1​(Ga)<IE1​(Zn)

    Therefore the statement "The first ionization enthalpy of Ga is higher than that of Zn" is incorrect.

    So D is incorrect.


  1. Final conclusion

    The incorrect statement is: D\boxed{\text{D}}D​

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