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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2018 · 15 Apr · Shift 2 · Q16
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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2018 · 15 Apr · Shift 2 · Q16

JEE MainChemistryPeriodic Table and PeriodicityMCQ+4 / −1
The correct order of electron affinity is :
  1. A
    F > Cl > O
  2. B
    F > O > Cl
  3. C
    Cl > F > O
  4. D
    O > F > Cl
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

  1. Recall the trend of electron affinity
    Electron affinity generally becomes more negative across a period and less negative down a group. However, there are important exceptions due to very small atomic size and electron-electron repulsion.

  2. Compare chlorine and fluorine
    Although fluorine is above chlorine in Group 17, chlorine has higher electron affinity than fluorine.

  • For fluorine: the added electron enters the very compact 2p2p2p orbital, where repulsion is high.
  • For chlorine: the added electron enters the larger 3p3p3p orbital, where repulsion is less.

So,

Cl>F\text{Cl} > \text{F}Cl>F
  1. Compare fluorine and oxygen
    Both are in the second period, and halogens generally have higher electron affinity than chalcogens because halogens need one electron to attain noble gas configuration.

Thus,

F>O\text{F} > \text{O}F>O
  1. Combine the comparisons
    From the above,
Cl>F>O\text{Cl} > \text{F} > \text{O}Cl>F>O
  1. Check options
  • A: F>Cl>O\text{F} > \text{Cl} > \text{O}F>Cl>O ❌
  • B: F>O>Cl\text{F} > \text{O} > \text{Cl}F>O>Cl ❌
  • C: Cl>F>O\text{Cl} > \text{F} > \text{O}Cl>F>O ✅
  • D: O>F>Cl\text{O} > \text{F} > \text{Cl}O>F>Cl ❌

Therefore, the correct order of electron affinity is

Cl>F>O\boxed{\text{Cl} > \text{F} > \text{O}}Cl>F>O​
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