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Hydrocarbons question

2021 · 26 Feb · Shift 2 · Q3
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Hydrocarbons question

2021 · 26 Feb · Shift 2 · Q3

JEE MainChemistryHydrocarbonsMCQ+4 / −1
In C1H2=C2=C3H−C4H3\mathop C\limits^1 {H_2} = \mathop C\limits^2 = \mathop C\limits^3 H - \mathop C\limits^4 {H_3}C1​H2​=C2​=C3​H−C4​H3​ molecule, the hybridization of carbon 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively, are :
  1. A
    sp2, sp, sp2, sp3
  2. B
    sp2, sp2, sp2, sp3
  3. C
    sp3, sp, sp3, sp3
  4. D
    sp2, sp3, sp2, sp3
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Identify the structure

    The given molecule is: C1H2=C2=C3H−C4H3\mathrm{C^1H_2 = C^2 = C^3H - C^4H_3}C1H2​=C2=C3H−C4H3​

    This is an allene-type system at carbons 1, 2, and 3, followed by a single-bonded carbon 4.

  2. Find hybridization of each carbon

    Carbon 1

    Carbon 1 is in the group CH2\mathrm{CH_2}CH2​ and is double-bonded to carbon 2: C1H2=C2\mathrm{C^1H_2 = C^2}C1H2​=C2

    Around carbon 1, there are:

    • one double bond to carbon 2
    • two single bonds to two hydrogens

    So, total regions of electron density = 3. Therefore, hybridization of carbon 1 is: sp2\boxed{sp^2}sp2​

    Carbon 2

    Carbon 2 is the central carbon in: C1=C2=C3\mathrm{C^1 = C^2 = C^3}C1=C2=C3

    It forms:

    • one double bond with carbon 1
    • one double bond with carbon 3

    Thus, it has 2 regions of electron density and a linear arrangement. Therefore, hybridization of carbon 2 is: sp\boxed{sp}sp​

    Carbon 3

    Carbon 3 is: =C3H−C4H3\mathrm{= C^3H - C^4H_3}=C3H−C4H3​

    It has:

    • one double bond with carbon 2
    • one single bond with hydrogen
    • one single bond with carbon 4

    Total regions of electron density = 3. Therefore, hybridization of carbon 3 is: sp2\boxed{sp^2}sp2​

    Carbon 4

    Carbon 4 is a methyl carbon: −C4H3\mathrm{-C^4H_3}−C4H3​

    It forms:

    • one single bond with carbon 3
    • three single bonds with hydrogens

    Total regions of electron density = 4. Therefore, hybridization of carbon 4 is: sp3\boxed{sp^3}sp3​

  3. Collect the results

    Hybridizations of carbon 1, 2, 3, 4 are: sp2, sp, sp2, sp3\boxed{sp^2,\ sp,\ sp^2,\ sp^3}sp2, sp, sp2, sp3​

  4. Match with options

    This corresponds to: A\boxed{\text{A}}A​

  5. Comparison with stored correct answer

    Stored correct answer: A

    Our derived answer: A

    Hence, they agree.

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