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Electrochemistry question

2019 · 12 Jan · Shift 1 · Q7
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Electrochemistry question

2019 · 12 Jan · Shift 1 · Q7

JEE MainChemistryElectrochemistryMCQ+4 / −1
The standard electrode potential Eo{E^o }Eo and its temperature coefficient (dEodT)\left( {{{d{E^o }} \over {dT}}} \right)(dTdEo​) for a cell are 2V and −-− 5 ×\times× 10 −-− 4 VK −-− 1 at 300 K respectively. The cell reaction is ZnZnZn(s) + Cu2+Cu^{2+}Cu2+ (aq) → \xrightarrow{\,}​ Zn2+Zn^{2+}Zn2+ (aq) + CuCuCu(s) The standard reaction enthalpy (Δ\DeltaΔ rH o{^o }o) at 300 K in kJ mol–1 is, [Use R = 8 JK–1 mol–1 and F = 96,000C mol–1]
  1. A
    −-− 412.8
  2. B
    −-− 384.0
  3. C
    192.0
  4. D
    206.4
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

  1. Given data

    • Standard cell potential: E∘=2 VE^\circ = 2\,\text{V}E∘=2V
    • Temperature coefficient: (dE∘dT)=−5×10−4 V K−1\left(\frac{dE^\circ}{dT}\right) = -5\times 10^{-4}\,\text{V K}^{-1}(dTdE∘​)=−5×10−4V K−1
    • Temperature: T=300 KT=300\,\text{K}T=300K
    • Reaction: Zn(s)+Cu2+(aq)→Zn2+(aq)+Cu(s)\text{Zn}(s)+\text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) \rightarrow \text{Zn}^{2+}(aq)+\text{Cu}(s)Zn(s)+Cu2+(aq)→Zn2+(aq)+Cu(s)
  2. Number of electrons transferred

    The half-reactions are: Zn→Zn2++2e−\text{Zn} \rightarrow \text{Zn}^{2+}+2e^-Zn→Zn2++2e− Cu2++2e−→Cu\text{Cu}^{2+}+2e^- \rightarrow \text{Cu}Cu2++2e−→Cu

    Hence, n=2n=2n=2

  3. Use thermodynamic relations

    For an electrochemical cell, ΔrG∘=−nFE∘\Delta_r G^\circ = -nFE^\circΔr​G∘=−nFE∘

    Also, ΔrS∘=nF(dE∘dT)\Delta_r S^\circ = nF\left(\frac{dE^\circ}{dT}\right)Δr​S∘=nF(dTdE∘​)

    Therefore, ΔrH∘=ΔrG∘+TΔrS∘\Delta_r H^\circ = \Delta_r G^\circ + T\Delta_r S^\circΔr​H∘=Δr​G∘+TΔr​S∘

    Substituting, ΔrH∘=−nFE∘+T nF(dE∘dT)\Delta_r H^\circ = -nFE^\circ + T\,nF\left(\frac{dE^\circ}{dT}\right)Δr​H∘=−nFE∘+TnF(dTdE∘​)

    So, ΔrH∘=−nF[E∘−T(dE∘dT)]\Delta_r H^\circ = -nF\left[E^\circ - T\left(\frac{dE^\circ}{dT}\right)\right]Δr​H∘=−nF[E∘−T(dTdE∘​)]

    or directly, ΔrH∘=−nFE∘+nFT(dE∘dT)\Delta_r H^\circ = -nFE^\circ + nFT\left(\frac{dE^\circ}{dT}\right)Δr​H∘=−nFE∘+nFT(dTdE∘​)

  4. Substitute the values

    ΔrH∘=−(2)(96000)(2)+(2)(96000)(300)(−5×10−4)\Delta_r H^\circ = -(2)(96000)(2) + (2)(96000)(300)\left(-5\times 10^{-4}\right)Δr​H∘=−(2)(96000)(2)+(2)(96000)(300)(−5×10−4)

    First term: −(2)(96000)(2)=−384000 J mol−1-(2)(96000)(2) = -384000\,\text{J mol}^{-1}−(2)(96000)(2)=−384000J mol−1

    Second term: 300×(−5×10−4)=−0.15300\times (-5\times 10^{-4}) = -0.15300×(−5×10−4)=−0.15 (2)(96000)(−0.15)=−28800 J mol−1 (2)(96000)(-0.15) = -28800\,\text{J mol}^{-1}(2)(96000)(−0.15)=−28800J mol−1

    Hence, ΔrH∘=−384000−28800=−412800 J mol−1\Delta_r H^\circ = -384000 - 28800 = -412800\,\text{J mol}^{-1}Δr​H∘=−384000−28800=−412800J mol−1

  5. Convert to kJ mol−1^{-1}−1

    ΔrH∘=−412.8 kJ mol−1\Delta_r H^\circ = -412.8\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}Δr​H∘=−412.8kJ mol−1

  6. Match with options

    The correct option is: A: −412.8\boxed{\text{A: } -412.8}A: −412.8​

  7. Comparison with stored answer

    Stored correct answer: A

    My derived answer is also A, so they agree.

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