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D and F Block Elements question

2007 · Shift 0 · Q21
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D and F Block Elements question

2007 · Shift 0 · Q21

JEE MainChemistryD and F Block ElementsMCQ+4 / −1
Identify the incorrect statement among the following :
  1. A
    d-Block elements show irregular and erratic chemical properties among themselves
  2. B
    La and Lu have partially filled d orbitals and no other partially filled orbitals
  3. C
    The chemistry of various lanthanoids is very similar
  4. D
    4f and 5f orbitals are equally shielded
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: D

  1. Check each statement one by one.

  1. Option A: d-Block elements show irregular and erratic chemical properties among themselves

This is true.

Reason:

  • In the ddd-block, electrons are added to the penultimate ddd-subshell.
  • Because of small differences in energies of nsnsns and (n−1)d(n-1)d(n−1)d orbitals, these elements show:
    • variable oxidation states,
    • irregular trends in atomic size,
    • magnetic behavior,
    • catalytic properties.

So, chemical properties are indeed somewhat irregular and erratic across the series.


  1. Option B: La and Lu have partially filled d orbitals and no other partially filled orbitals

This is true.

Electronic configurations:

  • La=[Xe]5d16s2\mathrm{La} = [Xe]5d^1 6s^2La=[Xe]5d16s2
  • Lu=[Xe]4f145d16s2\mathrm{Lu} = [Xe]4f^{14}5d^1 6s^2Lu=[Xe]4f145d16s2

In both cases:

  • the ddd orbital is partially filled (d1d^1d1),
  • there is no other partially filled subshell.

Hence this statement is correct.


  1. Option C: The chemistry of various lanthanoids is very similar

This is true.

Reason:

  • Lanthanoids mainly show the oxidation state +3+3+3.
  • The differentiating electrons enter the inner 4f4f4f orbitals.
  • Since 4f4f4f electrons do not participate much in bonding, their chemical properties remain very similar.

So this statement is also correct.


  1. Option D: 4f and 5f orbitals are equally shielded

This is incorrect.

Reason:

  • 4f4f4f orbitals are poorly shielded.
  • 5f5f5f orbitals are also shielded poorly, but they are less deeply buried and participate more in bonding than 4f4f4f orbitals.
  • Hence, 4f4f4f and 5f5f5f orbitals are not equally shielded.

This difference is one reason actinoids show more variable oxidation states compared to lanthanoids.


  1. Conclusion

The incorrect statement is: D\boxed{D}D​

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