Examine Statement (I)

Statement (I): The $\mathrm{NH_2}$ group in aniline is ortho and para directing and a powerful activating group.

• In aniline, the amino group $(-\mathrm{NH_2})$ has a lone pair on nitrogen.
• This lone pair gets delocalized into the benzene ring by resonance.
• Because of this electron donation, the electron density increases especially at the ortho and para positions.
• Therefore, $-\mathrm{NH_2}$ is:
  • ortho/para directing
  • strongly activating toward electrophilic substitution

So, Statement (I) is correct.

Examine Statement (II)

Statement (II): Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Craft's reaction (alkylation and acylation).

This is also correct. The reason is:

• Friedel-Crafts reactions require a Lewis acid catalyst such as $\mathrm{AlCl_3}$.
• The basic amino group in aniline reacts with $\mathrm{AlCl_3}$ to form a salt/complex.
• This decreases the electron density on the benzene ring and deactivates it.
• Hence, aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts alkylation or acylation under usual conditions.

So, Statement (II) is correct.

Choose the correct option

Since both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct, the correct option is:

$\boxed{\text{A}}$

Comparison with stored correct answer

• Derived answer: $\boxed{\text{A}}$
• Stored correct answer: $\boxed{\text{A}}$

They match.