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Chemical Equilibrium question

2022 · 29 Jun · Shift 2 · Q14
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Chemical Equilibrium question

2022 · 29 Jun · Shift 2 · Q14

JEE MainChemistryChemical EquilibriumNumerical+4 / −1
A box contains 0.90 g of liquid water in equilibrium with water vapour at 27 ∘^\circ∘ C. The equilibrium vapour pressure of water at 27 ∘^\circ∘ C is 32.0 Torr. When the volume of the box is increased, some of the liquid water evaporates to maintain the equilibrium pressure. If all the liquid water evaporates, then the volume of the box must be ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ litre. [nearest integer] (Given : R = 0.082 L atm K −-− 1 mol −-− 1) (Ignore the volume of the liquid water and assume water vapours behave as an ideal gas.)
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 29

  1. Given data
  • Mass of liquid water =0.90 g= 0.90\,\text{g}=0.90g
  • Temperature =27∘C=300 K= 27^\circ \text{C} = 300\,\text{K}=27∘C=300K
  • Vapour pressure of water at 27∘C27^\circ \text{C}27∘C is 32.0 Torr32.0\,\text{Torr}32.0Torr
  • R=0.082 L atm K−1 mol−1R = 0.082\,\text{L atm K}^{-1}\text{ mol}^{-1}R=0.082L atm K−1 mol−1
  • Molar mass of water =18 g mol−1= 18\,\text{g mol}^{-1}=18g mol−1

We are asked for the box volume when all the liquid just evaporates.

At that limiting condition, the whole 0.90 0.90\,0.90g of water is present as vapour, and since liquid is just exhausted, the vapour is still at equilibrium pressure:

P=32.0 TorrP = 32.0\,\text{Torr}P=32.0Torr


  1. Calculate moles of water

n=0.9018=0.05 moln = \frac{0.90}{18} = 0.05\,\text{mol}n=180.90​=0.05mol


  1. Convert pressure into atm

P=32.0760 atmP = \frac{32.0}{760}\,\text{atm}P=76032.0​atm

P≈0.0421 atmP \approx 0.0421\,\text{atm}P≈0.0421atm


  1. Use ideal gas equation

PV=nRTPV = nRTPV=nRT

So,

V=nRTPV = \frac{nRT}{P}V=PnRT​

Substitute values:

V=(0.05)(0.082)(300)32/760V = \frac{(0.05)(0.082)(300)}{32/760}V=32/760(0.05)(0.082)(300)​

First calculate numerator:

0.05×0.082×300=1.230.05 \times 0.082 \times 300 = 1.230.05×0.082×300=1.23

Thus,

V=1.2332/760=1.23×76032V = \frac{1.23}{32/760} = 1.23 \times \frac{760}{32}V=32/7601.23​=1.23×32760​

V=29.21 LV = 29.21\,\text{L}V=29.21L


  1. Nearest integer

V≈29 LV \approx 29\,\text{L}V≈29L


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: 292929

Our derived answer is also 292929.

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