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Chemical Equilibrium question

2021 · 26 Feb · Shift 1 · Q22
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  5. /2021 · 26 Feb · Shift 1 · Q22

Chemical Equilibrium question

2021 · 26 Feb · Shift 1 · Q22

JEE MainChemistryChemical EquilibriumNumerical+4 / −1
A homogeneous ideal gaseous reaction AB2(g)⇌A(g)+2B(g)A{B_{2(g)}} \rightleftharpoons {A_{(g)}} + 2{B_{(g)}}AB2(g)​⇌A(g)​+2B(g)​ is carried out in a 25 litre flask at 27 ∘^\circ∘ C. The initial amount of AB2AB_2AB2​ was 1 mole and the equilibrium pressure was 1.9 atm. The value of Kp is x ×\times× 10 −-− 2. The value of x is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​. (Integer answer) [R = 0.08206 dm3atm K −-− 1mol −-− 1]
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 72TO75

  1. Let the degree of dissociation be α\alphaα.

    Reaction: AB2(g)⇌A(g)+2B(g)AB_{2(g)} \rightleftharpoons A_{(g)} + 2B_{(g)}AB2(g)​⇌A(g)​+2B(g)​

    Initially, moles are: nAB2=1,nA=0,nB=0n_{AB_2}=1, \quad n_A=0, \quad n_B=0nAB2​​=1,nA​=0,nB​=0

    At equilibrium: nAB2=1−α,nA=α,nB=2αn_{AB_2}=1-\alpha, \quad n_A=\alpha, \quad n_B=2\alphanAB2​​=1−α,nA​=α,nB​=2α

  2. Total moles at equilibrium: ntotal=(1−α)+α+2α=1+2αn_{\text{total}}=(1-\alpha)+\alpha+2\alpha=1+2\alphantotal​=(1−α)+α+2α=1+2α

  3. Use the ideal gas equation to find total moles at equilibrium: PV=nRTPV=nRTPV=nRT Given: P=1.9 atm,V=25 L,T=27∘C=300 K,R=0.08206P=1.9\,\text{atm}, \quad V=25\,\text{L}, \quad T=27^\circ C=300\,\text{K}, \quad R=0.08206P=1.9atm,V=25L,T=27∘C=300K,R=0.08206

    So, ntotal=PVRT=1.9×250.08206×300n_{\text{total}}=\frac{PV}{RT}=\frac{1.9\times 25}{0.08206\times 300}ntotal​=RTPV​=0.08206×3001.9×25​

    ntotal=47.524.618≈1.9295n_{\text{total}}=\frac{47.5}{24.618}\approx 1.9295ntotal​=24.61847.5​≈1.9295

    Therefore, 1+2α=1.92951+2\alpha=1.92951+2α=1.9295 2α=0.92952\alpha=0.92952α=0.9295 α≈0.46475\alpha\approx 0.46475α≈0.46475

  4. Find mole fractions: yAB2=1−α1+2α,yA=α1+2α,yB=2α1+2αy_{AB_2}=\frac{1-\alpha}{1+2\alpha}, \quad y_A=\frac{\alpha}{1+2\alpha}, \quad y_B=\frac{2\alpha}{1+2\alpha}yAB2​​=1+2α1−α​,yA​=1+2αα​,yB​=1+2α2α​

    Partial pressures: PAB2=yAB2P,PA=yAP,PB=yBPP_{AB_2}=y_{AB_2}P, \quad P_A=y_AP, \quad P_B=y_BPPAB2​​=yAB2​​P,PA​=yA​P,PB​=yB​P

  5. Write the expression for KpK_pKp​: Kp=PA(PB)2PAB2K_p=\frac{P_A(P_B)^2}{P_{AB_2}}Kp​=PAB2​​PA​(PB​)2​

    Substitute partial pressures: Kp=(α1+2αP)(2α1+2αP)2(1−α1+2αP)K_p=\frac{\left(\frac{\alpha}{1+2\alpha}P\right)\left(\frac{2\alpha}{1+2\alpha}P\right)^2}{\left(\frac{1-\alpha}{1+2\alpha}P\right)}Kp​=(1+2α1−α​P)(1+2αα​P)(1+2α2α​P)2​

    Simplifying, Kp=4α3P2(1+2α)2(1−α)K_p=\frac{4\alpha^3P^2}{(1+2\alpha)^2(1-\alpha)}Kp​=(1+2α)2(1−α)4α3P2​

  6. Substitute α≈0.46475\alpha\approx 0.46475α≈0.46475 and P=1.9P=1.9P=1.9:

    First, α3≈(0.46475)3≈0.1004\alpha^3\approx (0.46475)^3\approx 0.1004α3≈(0.46475)3≈0.1004 1+2α≈1.9295⇒(1+2α)2≈3.72301+2\alpha\approx 1.9295 \Rightarrow (1+2\alpha)^2\approx 3.72301+2α≈1.9295⇒(1+2α)2≈3.7230 1−α≈0.535251-\alpha\approx 0.535251−α≈0.53525 P2=(1.9)2=3.61P^2=(1.9)^2=3.61P2=(1.9)2=3.61

    Thus, Kp≈4×0.1004×3.613.7230×0.53525K_p\approx \frac{4\times 0.1004\times 3.61}{3.7230\times 0.53525}Kp​≈3.7230×0.535254×0.1004×3.61​

    Numerator: 4×0.1004×3.61≈1.44984\times 0.1004\times 3.61\approx 1.44984×0.1004×3.61≈1.4498

    Denominator: 3.7230×0.53525≈1.99313.7230\times 0.53525\approx 1.99313.7230×0.53525≈1.9931

    Hence, Kp≈1.44981.9931≈0.727K_p\approx \frac{1.4498}{1.9931}\approx 0.727Kp​≈1.99311.4498​≈0.727

  7. Since Kp=x×10−2K_p = x \times 10^{-2}Kp​=x×10−2, 0.727=72.7×10−20.727 = 72.7\times 10^{-2}0.727=72.7×10−2

    Therefore, x≈73x \approx 73x≈73

  8. Final integer answer: 73\boxed{73}73​

  9. Comparison with stored answer: The stored correct answer is 72TO75, which includes 737373. So the derived answer agrees with the stored answer range.

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