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Rotational Motion question

2014 · Shift 1 · Q59
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Rotational Motion question

2014 · Shift 1 · Q59

JEE AdvancedPhysicsRotational MotionNumerical+3 / −1
JEE Advanced 2014 Paper 1 Offline Physics - Rotational Motion Question 37 English A horizontal circular platform of radius 0.5 m and mass 0.45 kg is free to rotate about its axis. Two massless spring toy-guns, each carrying a steel ball of mass 0.05 kg are attached to the platform at a distance 0.25 m from the centre on its either sides along its diameter (see figure). Each gun simultaneously fires the balls horizontally and perpendicular to the diameter in opposite directions. After leaving the platform, the balls have horizontal speed of 9 ms-1 with respect to the ground. The rotational speed of the platform in rad s-1 after the balls leave the platform is
Numerical answer
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Correct answer: 4

  1. Given data
  • Radius of platform: R=0.5 mR = 0.5\,\text{m}R=0.5m
  • Mass of platform: M=0.45 kgM = 0.45\,\text{kg}M=0.45kg
  • Each ball mass: m=0.05 kgm = 0.05\,\text{kg}m=0.05kg
  • Distance of each gun from centre: r=0.25 mr = 0.25\,\text{m}r=0.25m
  • Speed of each ball after firing (w.r.t. ground): v=9 m s−1v = 9\,\text{m s}^{-1}v=9m s−1

The two balls are fired simultaneously, perpendicular to the diameter, and in opposite directions.

  1. Use conservation of angular momentum

Initially, the whole system is at rest, so initial angular momentum about the axis is

Li=0.L_i = 0.Li​=0.

Hence after firing,

Lplatform+Lballs=0.L_{\text{platform}} + L_{\text{balls}} = 0.Lplatform​+Lballs​=0.

So we first calculate angular momentum carried by the two balls.

  1. Angular momentum of each ball

For a particle moving in a straight line, angular momentum about the centre is

L=mvr⊥,L = mvr_\perp,L=mvr⊥​,

where r⊥r_\perpr⊥​ is the perpendicular distance from the centre to the line of motion.

Each ball is fired from a point at distance 0.25 m0.25\,\text{m}0.25m from the centre, and its velocity is perpendicular to the radius/diameter line, so

L1=mvr=0.05×9×0.25=0.1125 kg m2/s.L_1 = mvr = 0.05 \times 9 \times 0.25 = 0.1125\,\text{kg m}^2\text{/s}.L1​=mvr=0.05×9×0.25=0.1125kg m2/s.

Now check the direction: although the balls move in opposite directions from opposite sides, their angular momenta about the centre are in the same rotational sense, so they add.

Therefore,

Lballs=2×0.1125=0.225 kg m2/s.L_{\text{balls}} = 2 \times 0.1125 = 0.225\,\text{kg m}^2\text{/s}.Lballs​=2×0.1125=0.225kg m2/s.

Thus platform must get equal and opposite angular momentum:

Lplatform=0.225 kg m2/s.L_{\text{platform}} = 0.225\,\text{kg m}^2\text{/s}.Lplatform​=0.225kg m2/s.

  1. Moment of inertia of platform

The platform is a uniform disc, so

I=12MR2=12(0.45)(0.5)2.I = \frac{1}{2}MR^2 = \frac{1}{2}(0.45)(0.5)^2.I=21​MR2=21​(0.45)(0.5)2.

I=12×0.45×0.25=0.05625 kg m2.I = \frac{1}{2} \times 0.45 \times 0.25 = 0.05625\,\text{kg m}^2.I=21​×0.45×0.25=0.05625kg m2.

  1. Find angular speed

Using

L=Iω,L = I\omega,L=Iω,

ω=LplatformI=0.2250.05625=4 rad s−1.\omega = \frac{L_{\text{platform}}}{I} = \frac{0.225}{0.05625} = 4\,\text{rad s}^{-1}.ω=ILplatform​​=0.056250.225​=4rad s−1.

  1. Final answer

4\boxed{4}4​

The rotational speed of the platform is 4 rad s−14\,\text{rad s}^{-1}4rad s−1.

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