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Magnetism question

2022 · Shift 2 · Q54
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  5. /2022 · Shift 2 · Q54

Magnetism question

2022 · Shift 2 · Q54

JEE AdvancedPhysicsMagnetismMCQ+3 / −1
Which one of the following options represents the magnetic field B⃗\vec{B}B at O\mathrm{O}O due to the current flowing in the given wire segments lying on the xyx yxy plane? JEE Advanced 2022 Paper 2 Online Physics - Magnetism Question 11 English
  1. A
    B⃗=−μoIL(32+142π)k^\vec{B}=\frac{-\mu_{o} I}{L}\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{1}{4 \sqrt{2} \pi}\right) \hat{k}B=L−μo​I​(23​+42​π1​)k^
  2. B
    B⃗=−μoIL(32+122π)k^\vec{B}=-\frac{\mu_{o} I}{L}\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{1}{2 \sqrt{2} \pi}\right) \hat{k}B=−Lμo​I​(23​+22​π1​)k^
  3. C
    B⃗=−μoIL(1+142π)k^\vec{B}=\frac{-\mu_{o} I}{L}\left(1+\frac{1}{4 \sqrt{2} \pi}\right) \hat{k}B=L−μo​I​(1+42​π1​)k^
  4. D
    B⃗=−μoIL(1+14π)k^\vec{B}=\frac{-\mu_{o} I}{L}\left(1+\frac{1}{4 \pi}\right) \hat{k}B=L−μo​I​(1+4π1​)k^
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

The user wants me to find the magnetic field at the origin O due to the current I in the given wire segments. The diagram shows several wire segments in the xy-plane with corners at (-L, L), (-L, -L), and (L, -L). The origin O is at (0,0). The arrow on the bottom segment indicates the direction of current flow. Based on this, we can deduce the current direction in the other segments, assuming they form a continuous path.

Let's break down the wire into four segments as depicted:

  1. S1: A semi-infinite straight wire from x = -∞ to x = -L along the line y = L.
  2. S2: A finite straight wire from (-L, L) to (-L, -L).
  3. S3: A finite straight wire from (-L, -L) to (L, -L).
  4. S4: A finite straight wire from (L, -L) to (L, L).

This configuration represents a long straight wire with a square-shaped 'dent'. The current I flows from left to right overall. So, the current is in the +i direction for S1, -j for S2, +i for S3, and +j for S4.

We will calculate the magnetic field contribution from each segment at the origin O(0,0)$ using the Biot-Savart Law. The formula for the magnetic field due to a finite straight wire is $B = \frac{\mu_0 I}{4\pi d}(\sin\theta_1 + \sin\theta_2)$, where $d is the perpendicular distance and θ1, θ2 are the angles subtended by the ends of the wire from the perpendicular.

Step 1: Magnetic field due to S1 ((−∞,L)(-\infty, L)(−∞,L) to (-L, L))

  • The wire is along y=L. Perpendicular distance from O is d=L. Current I is in +i direction.
  • Using the right-hand rule, the field at O (which is below the wire) is into the page, i.e., in the -k direction.
  • This is a semi-infinite wire. The perpendicular from O to the line y=L is at (0,L). The wire extends from x=-L to x=-∞. The angles subtended at O with respect to the perpendicular are from θ₁ = -π/2 (for x=-∞) to θ₂ = -π/4 (for x=-L).
  • Using the formula B=μoI4πd∣sin⁡θ2−sin⁡θ1∣B = \frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi d}|\sin\theta_2 - \sin\theta_1|B=4πdμo​I​∣sinθ2​−sinθ1​∣, we get: B1=μoI4πL∣sin⁡(−π/4)−sin⁡(−π/2)∣=μoI4πL∣−12−(−1)∣=μoI4πL(1−12)B_1 = \frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L}|\sin(-\pi/4) - \sin(-\pi/2)| = \frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L}|-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} - (-1)| = \frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L}(1 - \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}})B1​=4πLμo​I​∣sin(−π/4)−sin(−π/2)∣=4πLμo​I​∣−2​1​−(−1)∣=4πLμo​I​(1−2​1​).
  • So, B⃗1=−μoI4πL(1−12)k^\vec{B}_1 = -\frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L}(1 - \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}})\hat{k}B1​=−4πLμo​I​(1−2​1​)k^.

Step 2: Magnetic field due to S2 ((-L, L) to (-L, -L))

  • The wire is along x=-L. Perpendicular distance d=L. Current I is in -j direction.
  • Using the right-hand rule, the field at O (to the right of the wire) is into the page (-k).
  • The ends subtend angles θ₁ = π/4 and θ₂ = π/4 at O with respect to the perpendicular from O to the wire.
  • B2=μoI4πL(sin⁡(π/4)+sin⁡(π/4))=μoI4πL(12+12)=μoI22πLB_2 = \frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L}(\sin(\pi/4) + \sin(\pi/4)) = \frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L}(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}) = \frac{\mu_o I}{2\sqrt{2}\pi L}B2​=4πLμo​I​(sin(π/4)+sin(π/4))=4πLμo​I​(2​1​+2​1​)=22​πLμo​I​.
  • So, B⃗2=−μoI22πLk^\vec{B}_2 = -\frac{\mu_o I}{2\sqrt{2}\pi L}\hat{k}B2​=−22​πLμo​I​k^.

Step 3: Magnetic field due to S3 ((-L, -L) to (L, -L))

  • The wire is along y=-L. Perpendicular distance d=L. Current I is in +i direction.
  • Using the right-hand rule, the field at O (above the wire) is out of the page (+k).
  • The ends subtend angles θ₁ = π/4 and θ₂ = π/4.
  • B3=μoI4πL(sin⁡(π/4)+sin⁡(π/4))=μoI22πLB_3 = \frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L}(\sin(\pi/4) + \sin(\pi/4)) = \frac{\mu_o I}{2\sqrt{2}\pi L}B3​=4πLμo​I​(sin(π/4)+sin(π/4))=22​πLμo​I​.
  • So, B⃗3=+μoI22πLk^\vec{B}_3 = +\frac{\mu_o I}{2\sqrt{2}\pi L}\hat{k}B3​=+22​πLμo​I​k^.

Step 4: Magnetic field due to S4 ((L, -L) to (L, L))

  • The wire is along x=L. Perpendicular distance d=L. Current I is in +j direction.
  • Using the right-hand rule, the field at O (to the left of the wire) is into the page (-k).
  • By symmetry with S2, the magnitude is the same: B4=μoI22πLB_4 = \frac{\mu_o I}{2\sqrt{2}\pi L}B4​=22​πLμo​I​.
  • So, B⃗4=−μoI22πLk^\vec{B}_4 = -\frac{\mu_o I}{2\sqrt{2}\pi L}\hat{k}B4​=−22​πLμo​I​k^.

Step 5: Total Magnetic Field The total magnetic field is the vector sum of the fields from the four segments: B⃗total=B⃗1+B⃗2+B⃗3+B⃗4\vec{B}_{total} = \vec{B}_1 + \vec{B}_2 + \vec{B}_3 + \vec{B}_4Btotal​=B1​+B2​+B3​+B4​ B⃗total=−μoI4πL(1−12)k^−μoI22πLk^+μoI22πLk^−μoI22πLk^\vec{B}_{total} = -\frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L}(1 - \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}})\hat{k} - \frac{\mu_o I}{2\sqrt{2}\pi L}\hat{k} + \frac{\mu_o I}{2\sqrt{2}\pi L}\hat{k} - \frac{\mu_o I}{2\sqrt{2}\pi L}\hat{k}Btotal​=−4πLμo​I​(1−2​1​)k^−22​πLμo​I​k^+22​πLμo​I​k^−22​πLμo​I​k^ Notice that B⃗2\vec{B}_2B2​ and B⃗3\vec{B}_3B3​ cancel each other out. This leaves: B⃗total=−μoI4πL(1−12)k^−μoI22πLk^\vec{B}_{total} = -\frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L}(1 - \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}})\hat{k} - \frac{\mu_o I}{2\sqrt{2}\pi L}\hat{k}Btotal​=−4πLμo​I​(1−2​1​)k^−22​πLμo​I​k^ B⃗total=(−μoI4πL+μoI42πL−μoI22πL)k^\vec{B}_{total} = \left(-\frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L} + \frac{\mu_o I}{4\sqrt{2}\pi L} - \frac{\mu_o I}{2\sqrt{2}\pi L}\right)\hat{k}Btotal​=(−4πLμo​I​+42​πLμo​I​−22​πLμo​I​)k^ B⃗total=(−μoI4πL−μoI42πL)k^\vec{B}_{total} = \left(-\frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L} - \frac{\mu_o I}{4\sqrt{2}\pi L}\right)\hat{k}Btotal​=(−4πLμo​I​−42​πLμo​I​)k^ B⃗total=−μoI4πL(1+12)k^\vec{B}_{total} = -\frac{\mu_o I}{4\pi L}\left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\hat{k}Btotal​=−4πLμo​I​(1+2​1​)k^.

This result does not match any of the given options. The options, particularly the stored correct answer C, contain a term −μoI/L-\mu_o I / L−μo​I/L, which doesn't arise from standard calculations for wire segments. This suggests a potential flaw in the question statement, the diagram, or the provided options/answer.

For instance, if the intended configuration was a long wire with a rectangular detour (including semi-infinite wires S1 and a corresponding S5 from (L,L) to (∞,L)(\infty, L)(∞,L)), the total field would be B⃗=−μoI2πLk^\vec{B} = -\frac{\mu_o I}{2\pi L}\hat{k}B=−2πLμo​I​k^. This is also not among the options.

Given the discrepancy, it's impossible to derive the provided correct answer from the problem statement. The problem is likely flawed.

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