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Impulse and Momentum question

2010 · Shift 1 · Q59
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  5. /2010 · Shift 1 · Q59

Impulse and Momentum question

2010 · Shift 1 · Q59

JEE AdvancedPhysicsImpulse and MomentumMultiple correct+3 / −0.75
A point mass of 1 kg collides elastically with a stationary point mass of 5 kg. After their collision, the 1 kg mass reverses its direction and moves with a speed of 2 ms−1. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct for the system of these two masses?
  1. A
    Total momentum of the system is 3 kg ms−1
  2. B
    Momentum of 5 kg mass after collision is 4 kg ms−1
  3. C
    Kinetic energy of the centre of mass is 0.75 J
  4. D
    Total kinetic energy of the system is 4 J
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A, C

  1. Let the initial speed of the 1 kg1\,\text{kg}1kg mass be uuu.
    The 5 kg5\,\text{kg}5kg mass is initially at rest.

    After collision:

    • 1 kg1\,\text{kg}1kg mass has velocity v1=−2 m s−1v_1=-2\,\text{m s}^{-1}v1​=−2m s−1 (reversed direction)
    • 5 kg5\,\text{kg}5kg mass has velocity v2v_2v2​
  2. Use elastic collision condition.
    For a 1D elastic collision, relative speed of separation = relative speed of approach: v2−v1=u−0v_2 - v_1 = u - 0v2​−v1​=u−0 v2−(−2)=uv_2 - (-2)=uv2​−(−2)=u u=v2+2u=v_2+2u=v2​+2

  3. Apply conservation of momentum. 1⋅u+5⋅0=1⋅(−2)+5v21\cdot u + 5\cdot 0 = 1\cdot (-2) + 5v_21⋅u+5⋅0=1⋅(−2)+5v2​ u=−2+5v2u=-2+5v_2u=−2+5v2​

    Substitute u=v2+2u=v_2+2u=v2​+2: v2+2=−2+5v2v_2+2=-2+5v_2v2​+2=−2+5v2​ 4=4v24=4v_24=4v2​ v2=1 m s−1v_2=1\,\text{m s}^{-1}v2​=1m s−1

    Then u=v2+2=3 m s−1u=v_2+2=3\,\text{m s}^{-1}u=v2​+2=3m s−1

  4. Now evaluate the options.

    Option A: Total momentum of the system is 3 kg m s−13\,\text{kg m s}^{-1}3kg m s−1

    Total momentum is conserved, so p=1⋅3=3 kg m s−1p=1\cdot 3=3\,\text{kg m s}^{-1}p=1⋅3=3kg m s−1 Also after collision: p=1⋅(−2)+5⋅1=−2+5=3p=1\cdot (-2)+5\cdot 1=-2+5=3p=1⋅(−2)+5⋅1=−2+5=3 Hence, A is correct.

    Option B: Momentum of 5 kg5\,\text{kg}5kg mass after collision is 4 kg m s−14\,\text{kg m s}^{-1}4kg m s−1

    p2=5×1=5 kg m s−1p_2=5\times 1=5\,\text{kg m s}^{-1}p2​=5×1=5kg m s−1 Hence, B is incorrect.

    Option C: Kinetic energy of the centre of mass is 0.75 J0.75\,\text{J}0.75J

    Centre of mass speed: Vcm=total momentumtotal mass=31+5=36=0.5 m s−1V_{\text{cm}}=\frac{\text{total momentum}}{\text{total mass}}=\frac{3}{1+5}=\frac{3}{6}=0.5\,\text{m s}^{-1}Vcm​=total masstotal momentum​=1+53​=63​=0.5m s−1

    Kinetic energy of centre of mass motion: Kcm=12(m1+m2)Vcm2K_{\text{cm}}=\frac{1}{2}(m_1+m_2)V_{\text{cm}}^2Kcm​=21​(m1​+m2​)Vcm2​ =12(6)(0.5)2=3×0.25=0.75 J=\frac{1}{2}(6)(0.5)^2=3\times 0.25=0.75\,\text{J}=21​(6)(0.5)2=3×0.25=0.75J Hence, C is correct.

    Option D: Total kinetic energy of the system is 4 J4\,\text{J}4J

    Since collision is elastic, final KE = initial KE.

    Final KE: K=12(1)(22)+12(5)(12)K=\frac{1}{2}(1)(2^2)+\frac{1}{2}(5)(1^2)K=21​(1)(22)+21​(5)(12) =2+2.5=4.5 J=2+2.5=4.5\,\text{J}=2+2.5=4.5J Hence, D is incorrect.

  5. Final answer
    Correct options are: A, C\boxed{A,\ C}A, C​

  6. Comparison with stored correct answer
    Stored correct answer: A,CA, CA,C
    Derived answer: A,CA, CA,C
    They match.

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