Sign in
12thPass logo
New chatPYQ LibraryDoubtsRank report
Sign in to see Recents

Your guest activity stays on this device

Sign in to save progress →
Sign in

Electrostatics question

2021 · Shift 1 · Q47
Guest · filters and generic practice availableBrowsing as a guest · PYQ filters and generic practice are available. Sign in only for personalised features and saved progress.
  1. PYQ Library
  2. /JEE Advanced
  3. /Physics
  4. /Electrostatics
  5. /2021 · Shift 1 · Q47

Electrostatics question

2021 · Shift 1 · Q47

JEE AdvancedPhysicsElectrostaticsNumerical+2 / −1
Two point charges −-− Q and +Q/3\sqrt 33​ are placed in the xy-plane at the origin (0, 0) and a point (2, 0), respectively, as shown in the figure. This results in an equipotential circle of radius R and potential V = 0 in the xy-plane with its center at (b, 0). All lengths are measured in meters. JEE Advanced 2021 Paper 1 Online Physics - Electrostatics Question 31 English The value of R is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ meter.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 1.73

Step-by-Step Solution

  1. Identify the setup and objective: We are given two point charges: q1=−Qq_1 = -Qq1​=−Q located at the origin (0, 0) and q2=+Q/3q_2 = +Q/\sqrt{3}q2​=+Q/3​ located at (2, 0). We need to find the radius R of an equipotential circle in the xy-plane where the electric potential V is zero.

  2. Formulate the electric potential equation: Let P(x, y) be an arbitrary point on the equipotential circle. The electric potential at point P is the algebraic sum of the potentials due to charges q1q_1q1​ and q2q_2q2​.

    The distance from q1q_1q1​ to P is r1=(x−0)2+(y−0)2=x2+y2r_1 = \sqrt{(x-0)^2 + (y-0)^2} = \sqrt{x^2 + y^2}r1​=(x−0)2+(y−0)2​=x2+y2​. The distance from q2q_2q2​ to P is r2=(x−2)2+(y−0)2=(x−2)2+y2r_2 = \sqrt{(x-2)^2 + (y-0)^2} = \sqrt{(x-2)^2 + y^2}r2​=(x−2)2+(y−0)2​=(x−2)2+y2​.

    The total potential V at P(x, y) is given by: V=V1+V2=kq1r1+kq2r2V = V_1 + V_2 = \frac{k q_1}{r_1} + \frac{k q_2}{r_2}V=V1​+V2​=r1​kq1​​+r2​kq2​​ Substituting the given values: V=k(−Q)x2+y2+k(+Q/3)(x−2)2+y2V = \frac{k(-Q)}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}} + \frac{k(+Q/\sqrt{3})}{\sqrt{(x-2)^2 + y^2}}V=x2+y2​k(−Q)​+(x−2)2+y2​k(+Q/3​)​

  3. Apply the equipotential condition (V=0): We are given that the potential on the circle is zero, so we set V = 0. k(−Q)x2+y2+k(Q/3)(x−2)2+y2=0\frac{k(-Q)}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}} + \frac{k(Q/\sqrt{3})}{\sqrt{(x-2)^2 + y^2}} = 0x2+y2​k(−Q)​+(x−2)2+y2​k(Q/3​)​=0 Assuming k and Q are non-zero, we can simplify the equation: Q/3(x−2)2+y2=Qx2+y2\frac{Q/\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{(x-2)^2 + y^2}} = \frac{Q}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}}(x−2)2+y2​Q/3​​=x2+y2​Q​ 13(x−2)2+y2=1x2+y2\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}\sqrt{(x-2)^2 + y^2}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}}3​(x−2)2+y2​1​=x2+y2​1​ This implies: x2+y2=3(x−2)2+y2\sqrt{x^2 + y^2} = \sqrt{3} \sqrt{(x-2)^2 + y^2}x2+y2​=3​(x−2)2+y2​

  4. Derive the equation of the circle: To find the locus of the point P(x, y), we square both sides of the equation to eliminate the square roots: x2+y2=3[(x−2)2+y2]x^2 + y^2 = 3 \left[ (x-2)^2 + y^2 \right]x2+y2=3[(x−2)2+y2] Expand the terms: x2+y2=3(x2−4x+4+y2)x^2 + y^2 = 3 (x^2 - 4x + 4 + y^2)x2+y2=3(x2−4x+4+y2) x2+y2=3x2−12x+12+3y2x^2 + y^2 = 3x^2 - 12x + 12 + 3y^2x2+y2=3x2−12x+12+3y2 Rearrange all terms to one side: (3x2−x2)+(3y2−y2)−12x+12=0(3x^2 - x^2) + (3y^2 - y^2) - 12x + 12 = 0(3x2−x2)+(3y2−y2)−12x+12=0 2x2+2y2−12x+12=02x^2 + 2y^2 - 12x + 12 = 02x2+2y2−12x+12=0 Divide the entire equation by 2: x2+y2−6x+6=0x^2 + y^2 - 6x + 6 = 0x2+y2−6x+6=0

  5. Determine the radius of the circle: To find the radius, we convert the equation to the standard form of a circle, (x−b)2+(y−k)2=R2(x-b)^2 + (y-k)^2 = R^2(x−b)2+(y−k)2=R2, by completing the square for the x terms. (x2−6x)+y2=−6(x^2 - 6x) + y^2 = -6(x2−6x)+y2=−6 To complete the square for x, we add (6/2)2=32=9(6/2)^2 = 3^2 = 9(6/2)2=32=9 to both sides: (x2−6x+9)+y2=−6+9(x^2 - 6x + 9) + y^2 = -6 + 9(x2−6x+9)+y2=−6+9 (x−3)2+y2=3(x - 3)^2 + y^2 = 3(x−3)2+y2=3 Comparing this with the standard form, we have the center at (b, 0) = (3, 0) and the radius squared R2=3R^2 = 3R2=3. Therefore, the radius of the equipotential circle is: R=3 metersR = \sqrt{3} \text{ meters}R=3​ meters

  6. Calculate the final numerical value: The numerical value of the radius is R=3≈1.73205...R = \sqrt{3} \approx 1.73205...R=3​≈1.73205... meters. Rounding to two decimal places, we get R = 1.73 meters.

PreviousNext

More from Electrostatics

  • Two point charges − Q and +Q/3​ are placed in the xy-plane at the origin (0, 0) and a point (2, 0), respectively, as shown in the figure. This results in an equipotential circle of radius R and potential V = 0 in the xy-plane with… Includes diagram2021 · Numerical
  • A circular disc of radius R carries surface charge density σ(r)=σ0​(1−Rr​), where σ 0 is a constant and r is the distance from the center of the disc. Electric flux through a…2020 · Numerical
  • One end of a spring of negligible unstretched length and spring constant k is fixed at the origin (0, 0). A point particle of mass m carrying a positive charge q is attached at its other end. The entire system is kept on a smooth… Includes diagram2020 · Numerical
  • A uniform electric field, E=−4003​y​ NC−1 is applied in a region. A charged particle of mass m carrying positive charge q is projected in this region with an initial speed of 2 10​× 106… Includes diagram2020 · Multiple correct
  • Two large circular discs separated by a distance of 0.01 m are connected to a battery via a switch as shown in the figure. Charged oil drops of density 900 kg m−3 are released through a tiny hole at the center of the top disc. Once some… Includes diagram2020 · Numerical
  • A point charge q of mass m is suspended vertically by a string of length l. A point dipole of dipole moment p​ is now brought towards q from infinity so that the charge moves away. The final equilibrium position of the… Includes diagram2020 · Numerical
  • Two identical non-conducting solid spheres of same mass and charge are suspended in air from a common point by two non-conducting, massless strings of same length. At equilibrium, the angle between the strings is α. The spheres are…2020 · Multiple correct
  • A thin spherical insulating shell of radius R carries a uniformly distributed charge such that the potential at its surface is V0. A hole with a small area α 4 π R2(α << 1) is made on the shell without affecting the…2019 · MCQ